 目录摘要
1.红外热像法测毫米波介质透镜天线的焦斑
杨显志， 宫玉彬，
王文祥
（电子科技大学物理电子学院，四川 成都 610054）
摘
要：根据温度与透镜天线焦斑之间的对应关系，用红外热像测温方法对自行设计的毫米波介质透镜天线的焦斑进行了测量，经分析计算，得到了透镜天线焦斑的实测值，对透镜天线焦斑焦距的设计值进行了修正，实现了毫米波的定位定功率密度辐射。与其它测温方法相比，用红外热成像方法测透镜天线焦区场分布具有准确测量局部温度、温度分布及热图像处理等优点。
关键词：红外热成像；毫米波介质透镜天线；热图像；焦斑
中图分类号：TH744.41；TH753+.5
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672- 4984（2008）03-0001-03
Focal spot
measurement of millimeter wave dielectric lens antenna
by
infrared thermal imaging method
YANG Xian-zhi， GONG
Yu-bing， WANG Wen-xiang
（College of Physical
Electrics，University of Electronic Science and
Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: According to
the relationship between temperature and the focal spot of
lens antenna, the focal spot size of homemade millimeter wave
dielectric lens antenna was measured by infrared temperature
measurement technology. The experimental result, which was
regard as the actual value, was achieved through analyses and
calculations, and its designed value was corrected with it,
then the exact radiation of millimeter wave was achieved. As a
specialized technology, the infrared temperature measurement
method is more accurate in some aspects compared with other
temperature measurement methods, such as measuring the local
temperature exactly, simulating the temperature distribution
and processing the thermal image etc.
Key words:
Infrared thermal imaging; Millimeter wave dielectric lens
antenna; Thermal image; Focal
spot
Editor：liyan
2.茶叶中维生素分析方法概述
谭和平， 叶善蓉， 邹
燕， 陈 丽
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）
摘
要：在查阅1907年以来国内外所有关于茶叶维生素分析方法研究文献的基础上，该文介绍了茶叶中的维生素及其分析方法现状，对脂溶性维生素和水溶性维生素的主要分析方法进行了系统地阐述，对微生物法、分光光度法、荧光法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法和流动注射化学发光法等主要分析方法进行了评述，并提出了应建立对茶叶中维生素的测定方法。
关键词：茶叶；维生素；分析；测定；方法
中图分类号：TS272.5；R977.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672- 4984（2008）03-0004-05
Summary of
vitamin determination for tea
TAN He-ping， YE
Shan-rong， ZOU Yan， CHEN Li
（National Institute of
Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu
610021，China）
Abstract： According to almost all
literatures about vitamin determinations for tea roundly since
1907， vitamins in tea and their determinations were briefly
introduced in this article. The primary determinations of the
fat-soluble vitamin and the water-soluble vitamin were
systematically investigated, especially those methods such as
microbiological， spectrophotometric, fluorescence, high
performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, capillary
electrophoresis（CE）, flow-injection chemiluminescence and so
on were reviewed. And the determination standard for vitamins
in tea had been proposed.
Key words: Tea; Vitamin;
Analyze; Determine;
Method
Editor：liyan
3.直流电压自然基准装置的研究及量值复现
钟国林，
张朝军， 尧冬梅， 孙茂一
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）
摘
要：针对实物电压基准量值存在漂移的问题，利用约瑟夫森超导结量子电压与微波频率成比例的原理，研究和建立了我国的直流电压自然基准装置。用该装置校准国家直流电压实物基准得到的数据表明,国家直流电压实物基准维护完好,其组平均值随时间的漂移非常微小,每年仅仅几十纳伏特。该装置的建成,表明我国在直流电压测量领域已经达到国际先进水平，完全满足监视国家实物电压基准量值变化的需要。
关键词：直流电压；实物基准；自然基准；漂移
中图分类号：TM935.115；TM933.21
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0009-05
Research on
natural standard equipment and its value repetition for direct
current voltage
ZHONG Guo-lin， ZHANG Chao-jun， YAO
Dong-mei， SUN Mao-yi
（National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract: Aiming
at the drifting problem on the physical voltage standard
value， Josephson’s principle of the proportion between super
conduction junction quantum voltage and microwave frequency
was employed. The national physical standard device for the
D.C. voltage had studied and established. The data which
gained from adjusting the physical standard of the national
D.C. voltage by the device indicated that the standard was
kept in good condition. And its group average value changed
very little, just a few nanovolt per year. The establishment
of the device makes it clear that our country has reached the
international advanced standard in the field of measurement of
D.C. voltage. And the device well meets the requirement of
watching the changes of the national physical voltage standard
value.
Key words: Direct current voltage； Physical
standard； Natural standard；
Drift
Editor：liyan
4.肺功能仪校准装置的研制
张从华1，2， 龚
岚1， 李 凡3， 宿
红1
（1.中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610021；2.四川大学原子核科学技术研究所,四川 成都
610064；3.济南市计量检定所, 山东 济南 250001）
摘
要：为了解决肺功能仪的质量控制和量值溯源问题，运用人体呼吸的基本原理，采用微机伺服精确控制活塞的工作方式，研制了肺功能仪校准装置，该装置可完成气体体积和流量的修正计算，能向肺功能仪提供模拟的肺活量、用力肺活量、呼吸峰流量、分钟最大通气量等标准量值。该装置的主要指标达到欧洲呼吸学会和美国胸腔协会提出的肺功能测试标准的要求。简要介绍了研制肺功能仪校准装置的社会意义，说明了该装置工作的基本原理，列举了达到的主要物理指标，以及实现的基本功能。
关键词：肺功能仪；校准；肺功能仪校准装置；模拟；质量控制；量值溯源
中图分类号：R322.3+5；TM930.113
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0014-03
Calibration
device development for spirometer analyzers
ZHANG
Cong-hua1，2， GONG Lan1， LI Fan3， SU Hong1
（1.National
Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu
610021，China；
2.Institute of Nuclear Science and
Technology，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610064，China；
3.Jinan
Institute of Measurement and Testing，Jinan
250001，China）
Abstract: In order to ensure the quality
control and the value traceability of pulmonary function
analyzers, the principle of human breathing and the precise
control of computer servo system were used to develop a
calibration device for spirometry analyzers. This device could
calculate the amended gas volume and its amended flow, and
provide the standard values such as vital capacity, forced
vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, maximum voluntary
ventilation, etc. for spirometry analyzers. Its principal
indicators have reached the requirements of the spirometry
standard recommended by the European Respiratory Society and
the American Thoracic Society. In this paper, the social
significance of this calibration device was briefly
introduced, its basic working principle was interpreted, and
its main physical parameters and basic functions were listed
too.
Key words: Spirometer; Calibration; Spirometry
calibration device; Simulation; Quality control; Value
traceability
Editor：liyan
5.提高电感传感器测量精度的方法
丁
敏， 王选择， 杨练根， 钟毓宁
（湖北工业大学机械工程学院，湖北 武汉 430068）
摘
要：分析了传统电感传感器信号的精密测量方法的优缺点，对传感器信号的特点进行了研究，在分析影响电感式传感器测量电路的精度因素的基础上，提出利用频率稳定的晶振来作为激励信号的信号源，采用单运放绝对值进行检波，用三极管功率放大电路来驱动负载等措施来改善电感传感器的检测精度，并通过实验论证了该方法的正确性和可行性。
关键词：电感传感器；单运放绝对值检波；计数器；激励信号；MAX293
中图分类号：TP212.1；TM934.4
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0017-03
Method for
improving the precision of inductance-transducer
DING Min，
WANG Xuan-ze， YANG Lian-gen， ZHONG Yu-ning
（College of
Mechanical Engineering，Hubei University of Technology，Wuhan
430068，China）
Abstract: This paper analyzed the
benefits and drawbacks of precision measuring methods using
traditional inductance-transducer signal and the characters of
signal transducer. On analyzing of various factors which
affect the precision of inductance-transducer, it presented a
method to improve precision by using steady-frequency crystal
as the signal resource, detecting with single- amplifier
absolute value and driving load with the triode power amplify
circuit. The correctness and feasibility were verified by
experiments.
Key words: Inductance-transducer；
Single-amplifier absolute value detection； Counter； Excitation
signal；
MAX293
Editor：liyan
6.基于硅光电池的色度测量系统设计
肖韶荣， 朱
平， 赵艳清
（南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院，江苏 南京 210044）
摘
要：用光纤束传送经过变换的探测光脉冲序列，并投射到被测物体表面，或者传送到积分球再透射到被测物体表面，可获得四种色度测量几何条件；分别由置于积分球的三个作了光谱校正的硅光电池检测被物体待测表面反射的光信号，用精密调理电路将光电池输出的电流信号转换为可被单片机系统采集的电压信号；用z10近似表达x10的蓝色区域刺激值，通过软件校正三刺激值测量方程的有关因子。
关键词：色度计；积分球；光纤束；硅光电池；单片机技术
中图分类号：TM914.4+1；TN247
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0020-04
Chrominance
measurement system design based on silicon photo-cells
XIAO
Shao-rong， ZHU Ping， ZHAO Yan-qing
（College of Electronics
and Information Engineering，Nanjing University of Information
Science and Technology，Nanjing 210044，China）
Abstract：
Light pulses from illumination system were transmitted by
optical fiber beam, directly or through integrating sphere,
they were projected at the surface of the object to be
measured. Then four geometry conditions may be obtained. The
light reflected from surface of the object was detected with
three silicon photo-cells placed on integrating sphere and
corrected in spectrum with filters separately. Precision
conditioning circuits were utilized to translate current
signals from the cells into DC voltage signals which suitable
for SCM system. And z10 was used to express x10 in blue region
of stimulus value approximatively. The related factors of
measurement equation may be revised with software through a
standard object.
Key words： Colorimeter； Integrating
sphere; Optical fiber beam; Silicon photo-cell; SCM
technology
Editor：liyan
7.百分表测杆径向摆动的修理
谭武峰
（喀什地区质量技术监督局计量所，新疆 喀什
844000）
8.非接触式光纤内螺纹测试装置
李 恒， 安 莹， 董
威
（西安工业大学光电工程学院，陕西 西安 710032）
摘
要：为克服接触式测量内螺纹方法的不足，研制了基于强度调制型光纤传感器的非接触测量装置。通过与特制的机械结构相结合，实现了相对效率高、速度快、且便于应用的内螺纹参数的测量。该装置主要由进给平台和光纤探头组成，同时采用半导体激光光源（LD）作光源，光电二极管为光电转换器件。测量的信号经光路转换及前置放大后，通过采样保持送入数据采集系统，经数据处理软件Matlab进行处理得出螺距误差。实验表明，经适当改进后，该方法可用于工业生产过程中内螺纹的非接触测量。
关键词：强度调制型；光纤探头；非接触测量；微位移；螺纹参数
中图分类号：TN253；TH13
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0024-04
Non-contact
optical fiber test device for inside screw threads
LI Heng，
AN Ying， DONG Wei
（College of Opt-electro Engineering，Xi’an
Ttechnological University，Xi’an 710032，China）
Abstract:
A non-contact test device based on the technology of the
intensity-modulation typed fiber optic sensor was developed to
overcome the shortages of the contact-measuring method for the
inside screw thread parameters. And with the special
mechanism, this device has the characteristics of higher
efficiency, higher speed and easier application. Its main
components are fiber optic probe, light source with LD and
photoelectric transducer with photodiode. The optical signals
were converted to electrical ones, pre-amplified, sent to data
acquisition system through sample held. Then the error of the
measuring screw-pitch was achieved after the data were
processed with the software Matlab. The experimental results
manifested that this device with the present method could
successfully undertake the non-contact measurement of the
screw thread parameters after some proper
improvements.
Key words: Intensity modulation; Fiber
probe; Non-contact measurement; Micro-displacement; Screw
thread
parameter
Editor：liyan
8.在等倾干涉装置上检定研磨平尺的不确定度评定
张成悌
（中国测试技术研究院，四川
成都 610021）
摘
要：对不同长度的研磨平尺用两种不同长度长平晶在等倾干涉装置上检定的不确定度进行了评定，其中包括分段法不够一整段时的评定。指出误差分量要分清是影响空气层厚度测量的，还是影响直线度测量的；在用分段法测量时要分清随机误差与系统误差对直线度测量不确定度的影响是不同的。其温度误差分为随机误差和系统误差两部分。在不同情况应该用不同的数学模型。
关键词：研磨平尺；不确定度；评定；等倾干涉装置；长平晶；分段法
中图分类号：TH741.1+1；TH741.4
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0027-04
Verification
uncertainty evaluation for verifying abraded straight rule
on
interferential installation with isoclinic circle
fringe
ZHANG Cheng-ti
（National Institute of Measurement
and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract:
The uncertainties for verifying all kinds of abraded straight
rulers with different length on interferential installation
with isoclinic circle fringe by two kinds plane optical bars
were evaluated in this paper. Among the uncertainty
evaluations, the situation of subsection also was evaluated.
The necessary for distinguishing the error component caused by
air-layer thickness measurement or that caused by straightness
measurement of straight ruler was pointed out, it should also
be emphasized that straightness measurement uncertainties
caused by accidental errors and systematic errors be different
in sectional measurement. And the temperature error could be
divided into accidental error and systematic error. Also,
different mathematical model must be employed under different
circumstances.
Key words: Abraded straight ruler；
Uncertainty； Evaluation； Interferential installation with
isoclinic circle fringe; Plane optical bar； Subsection
method
Editor：liyan
9.虚拟仪器在计量测试中的应用
黄吉涛1，
周伦彬2， 马博群3
（1.宁夏电能计量检定中心，宁夏 银川 750001；2.广州市计量检测技术研究院，广东 广州
510030；
3.广州市特种设备检测研究院，广东 广州 510400）
摘
要：由于微电子技术、计算机技术、软件技术和网络技术的高度发展与不断融合，虚拟仪器技术业已成为当前测试技术领域的一个热点。文章简单地介绍了虚拟仪器技术及其发展状况；列出了新技术给计量测试带来的各种问题；最后结合工程实践提出了相应的解决方案和注意事项，这对于其它类虚拟仪器的计量具有普遍的参考意义。
关键词：虚拟仪器；计量测试；溯源；法制计量；不确定度
中图分类号：TP311.56；TB9
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0031-03
Application
of virtual instrument in metrology testing
HUANG Ji-tao1，
ZHOU Lun-bin2， MA Bo-qun3
（1.Ningxia Verification Center of
Electric Energy Metering，Yinchuan 750001，China；
2.Guangzhou
Institute of Measurement and Testing，Guangzhou
510030，China；
3.Guangzhou Institue of Special Equipment
Inspection，Guangzhou 510400，China）
Abstract: With
highly development in microelectronics technology, computer
technology, software technology and network technology and its
continuous integration, virtual instrument technology has
become a hot topic in current test fields. This paper briefly
introduced virtual instrument technology with its development
and presented some issues that generated by this new
measurement technology. Finally, some solutions and attentions
to the issues with engineering practice were mentioned. They
are also valuable in other kinds of virtual instrument
measurement.
Key words: Virtual instruments； Metrology
testing； Traceability； Legal measures；
Uncertainty
Editor：liyan
10.低反射系数等效信号源的测试方法研究
朱
军， 李健一， 王增浩
（解放军92493部队89分队，辽宁 葫芦岛 125000）
摘
要：目前微波小功率标准装置采用低反射系数等效信号源结构，在量值传递过程中，等效信号源反射系数的大小是影响系统测量准确度的关键，而信号源输出端反射系数的测量一直是微波计量中的技术难题。对等效信号源反射系数的常用测试方法进行了介绍，结果表明，大失配功率座法适用于各种等效信号源的反射系数的测量。
关键词：微波；反射系数；等效信号源；计量；失配
中图分类号：TN74；TN015
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0034-03
Testing
investigation method on low reflectance equivalent signal
generator
ZHU Jun， LI Jian-yi， WANG Zeng-hao
（PLA 92493
Troop 89 Unit，Huludao 125000，China）
Abstract: At present,
low reflectance equivalent signal generator is adopted on
microwave small power standard device. Reflectance of
equivalent signal generator affects the measuring accuracy of
system and reflectance measuring of signal generator is a
difficult problem. The author introduced common measurement
methods to measure reflectance of equivalent signal generator.
Results show that big mismatch power mount method can apply to
measure reflectance of various equivalent signal
generators.
Key words: Microwave； Reflectance；
Equivalent signal generator； Measurement;
Mismatch
Editor：liyan
11.企业计量器具检定周期分析与探讨
李
琪
（西南油气田股份公司装备制造公司，四川 成都 610051）
摘
要：计量器具的检定周期，受其使用性能、使用环境、使用频繁程度、准确度要求以及保养、存放条件等综合因素的影响，所以评定合理的检定周期是一项复杂且重要的工作。通常计量器具检定周期的评定，受人的主观因素的影响，往往不尽合理，存在着检定周期内使用的计量器具不一定合格，而超周期使用的计量器具不一定就不合格的现象，这就说明了检定周期的评定中还有许多需要改进的地方。该文从检定周期评定中的问题及影响、检定周期的评定和检定周期的调整及资料管理等三个方面论述企业计量器具检定周期的评定方法。
关键词：企业；计量器具；检定周期；分析与探讨
中图分类号：TB114.2；TB9
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0037-03
Verification
cycle analyses and discussions for measuring instruments in
enterprises
LI Qi
（Equipment Manufacturing Department of
Petrochina Southwest Oil & Gas
Field
Cooperation，Chengdu 610051，China)
Abstract：
The verification cycle of measuring instruments was affected
by certain synthetic factors such as their operating
performance, environment, frequency, accuracy requirements,
maintenance and storage, and so on. Thus it is a very complex
system project to estimate their verification cycles
reasonably. The verification cycle estimation was always
influenced by the human factor, which was not reasonable.
According to present status, the in-use measuring instruments
may be invalid, but the overdue measuring instruments may be
valid, which indicates that there are many improvements needed
for verification cycle evaluation. In this article, the
possible problems encountered in verification cycle
evaluations and their effects, the verification cycle
evaluation, and the adjustment and its documents were analyzed
and discussed to introduce the method for evaluating the
verification cycles of measuring instruments in enterprises.
Key words： Enterprise； Measuring instruments;
Verification cycle; Analysis and
discuss
Editor：liyan
12.蒙特卡洛法在检测机构服务窗口等待问题的分析
李文举，
姚志慧， 李耀权
（国家信息技术设备质量监督检验中心，广东 东莞 523120）
摘
要：对检测技术机构的客户服务窗口等待问题，用蒙特卡洛法进行窗口排队仿真分析，分别模拟了在开设一个窗口和两个窗口的情况下客户的排队等待状态，在Excel上通过2000次模拟的统计仿真分析。通过窗口利用率和客户等待时间等参量的对比得出分析结果。该方法成本低，仿真情况贴近现实，实用性强，分析结果可以为管理层的决策提供参考建议。
关键词：蒙特卡洛；检测技术机构；仿真；窗口；排队；等待；Excel表格
中图分类号：TP391.9；TB114.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0040-04
Simulation
analyses of waiting queue problems at test service windows
with Monte Carlo method
LI Wen-ju， YAO Zhi-hui， LI Yao-quan
（National Quality Supervising and Testing Center for
Information Technology Equipments，Dongguan
523120，China）
Abstract: The waiting queue problems at
the client serve windows of test institutes were analyzed with
Monte Carlo simulation method. And the waiting queue
situations in the case of opening one window and in the case
of two windows were simulated respectively. The conclusions
achieved through 2000 simulations and statistic analyses in
Excel, could bring up practical reference frames to decision
maker. Also, this method was low cost and with strong
practicability and its simulations were close to the real
situations completely.
Key words: Monte Carlo; Testing
technology institute; Simulation; Window; Queue； Waiting;
Excel
Editor：liyan
13.质量的基本概念及应用
陈旭东
（中国测试技术研究院，四川
成都 610021）
摘
要：通过对质量哲学概念、质量识别概念、质量评价概念和商品质量概念的全面阐述，从理论研究的角度对质量进行了深层次的剖析和探讨，对我们认识和把握质量的本质、特征和规律，结合我国人文环境和社会实际，有鉴别地吸收国外现代质量管理精髓，开创有中国特色的质量活动，切实改善我国的质量状况有重要的指导意义。
关键词：质量；基本概念；理论研究；应用
中图分类号：TB114.2；TB9
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0044-05
Basic
concepts of quality and its applications
CHEN
Xu-dong
（National Institute of Measurement and testing
technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract: From the
standpoint of theoretical research, quality was dissected and
discussed deeply through describing its philosophical
definition, the concept of quality identification, the concept
of quality assessments, and the concept of commodity qualities
roundly. These dissections and discussions have important
directive to help us to understand and grasp the essence, the
features and the rules of quality. They also have important
directive to critically absorb the goodness of the overseas
modern quality management, create quality activities with
Chinese characteristics, and concretely improve our national
quality situation according to the human and culture
environment in our country and the social reality.
Key
words: Quality； Basic concept； Theoretical research；
Application
Editor：liyan
14.基于虚拟仪器的模拟试验机振动信号分析技术
杨运洲1，
白秀琴2
（1.武汉理工大学自动化学院，湖北 武汉 430063；2.武汉理工大学可靠性工程研究所，湖北 武汉
430063）
摘
要：以一种新型的内燃机模拟试验机为实验平台，模拟出内燃机在实际工作环境下，其主要运动部件的表面磨损情况及振动情况。在模拟试验机的缸套、活塞环、曲轴、轴承等核心部件上选择不同测点，在虚拟仪器技术的基础上，进行时域分析、频域分析、功率谱分析、频率分析以及谐次分析，同时对信号波形显示，完成对模拟试验机振动状态的实时监测，为模拟试验机的振动监测和故障诊断奠定基础。
关键词：虚拟仪器；信号分析；模拟试验机；振动；实时监测
中图分类号：TP311.56；TP15
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0049-03
Vibration
signal analyses of simulator based on virtual
instruments
YANG Yun-zhou1， BAI Xiu-qin2
（1.College of
Automation，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan
430063，China；
2.Institute of Dependability
Engineering，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan 430063，
China）
Abstract: A new type simulator of internal
combustion engine was taken as the experiment platform, and
the surface abrasion situation and vibration situation of its
main components were simulated at the real working
environment. And on the basis of the virtual instrument
technology, different testing locations on the core components
of simulator, such as cylinder, piston ring, crankshaft,
bearing, and so on were chosen for analyses of time domain,
power spectrum, frequency domain, and harmonic. At the same
time, the waveform graphs were exported, and the real-time
vibration state supervision was achieved for the simulator.
Through the above, the foundation of the vibration monitoring
and the fault diagnosis for simulators were
established.
Key words: Virtual instrument; Signal
analysis; Simulator; Vibration; Real-time
monitoring
Editor：liyan
15.基于WDM模型的PCI数据采集卡驱动程序设计
吴宏钢1,2，
尹爱军1， 秦树人1
（1.重庆大学机械学院测试中心，重庆 400044；2.重庆通信学院，重庆
400035）
摘
要：为了实现基于PCI总线的数据采集，根据WDM驱动程序的工作原理，设计了基于PCI总线的数据采集卡驱动程序，实现了驱动程序的设备加载，例程分发，中断处理，并探讨了驱动程序的调用和封装。系统以VC++6.0及DriverStudio3.0作为开发平台，以PCI-025004数据采集卡为例，开发了Windows2000/XP操作系统下的驱动程序。实验表明，该驱动程序运行稳定、移植性好，其框架结构能广泛地用于PCI总线设备的开发。
关键词：WDM程序；驱动程序；PCI总线；数据采集；虚拟仪器
中图分类号：TP311.5；TP274+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0052-04
Device
driver design for PCI data acquisition card based on WDM
WU
Hong-gang1，2， YIN Ai-jun1， QIN Shu-ren1
（1.Test Center of
Mechanical Engineering College，Chongqing University，Chongqing
400044，China；
2.Chongqing Communication College，Chongqing
400035，China）
Abstract: For realizing data acquisition
based on PCI （Peripheral Component Interconnect） bus, a device
driver was designed for data acquisition card based on PCI bus
according to the principle of WDM device driver. This device
driver could complete device driver loading, routine
dispatching and interrupt service. The invoking and package of
device driver were also discussed. Taking PCI-025004 data
acquisition card as an example, it was used to develop the
device driver for Windows2000/XP. And in this development,
VC++6.0 and DriverStudio3.0 were took as development platform.
The experiment results show that the device driver runs well
and could be planted in different PC. They also indicate that
the framework of the device driver could be used in the
development of other PCI bus device driver.
Key words:
WDM; Device driver; PCI bus; Data collection; Virtual
instrument
Editor：liyan
16.自动测试系统中的数据处理方法
潘孟春，
陈棣湘， 高军哲
（国防科技大学机电工程与自动化学院，湖南 长沙 410073）
摘
要：基于数据采集系统的直流电压、交流电压和时间间隔等参数的测试方法，重点对交流电压的幅度和频率的测试方法进行了分析，阐述了数点法、三点法和傅里叶变换算法的原理，并对这三种方法的测试精度和适用范围进行了比较和分析。这些数据处理方法已成功地应用于某型导弹的自动测试系统，获得了较高的测试精度和良好的应用效果。
关键词：自动测试系统；数据处理；数点法；三点法；时间间隔；FFT算法；精度
中图分类号：TP273；TP274
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0056-02
Data
processing method for automatic test system
PAN Meng-chun，
CHEN Di-xiang， GAO Jun-zhe
（College of Mechanical and
Electrical Engineering and Automation，National University
of
Defense Technology，Changsha
410073，China）
Abstract: In order to assure the accuracy
of automatic test system, some reasonable test methods must be
selected and measurement data must be processed by software.
The test methods based on data acquisition system parameters
such as direct voltage, alternating voltage and time interval
of were introduced. And test methods for measuring amplitude
and frequency of alternating voltage were emphatically
analyzed. The method principles of counting point, three-point
and Fast Fourier transform （FFT） algorithm were described.
Furthermore, their test accuracies and application ranges were
compared and analyzed. These data processing methods had been
applied to a missile automatic test system successfully. The
results showed these methods had high measuring accuracy and
good effects.
Key words: Automatic test system (ATS);
Data processing; Counting point method; Three-dot method; Time
interval; FFT;
Accuracy
Editor：liyan
17.自动PCB外观检测仪中的图像采集研究
任小均，
叶玉堂， 刘 旭， 樊 星， 罗 颖
（电子科技大学光电信息学院，四川 成都 610054）
摘
要：为了增强对PCB板检测的准确性和有效性，研制了自动外观检测仪。文章介绍了外观检测仪中图像实时采集和传输的实现。主要讨论了系统设计、检测和驱动开发。采用ALTERA公司的新型CYCLONE
FPGA系列简化本地逻辑，大大缩短了硬件开发周期。工具DriverStudio的使用降低了驱动开发的难度。桥芯片PEX8111的使用和DMA传输方式的设计满足了高速、实时、准确的图像采集要求。
关键词：自动PCB外观检测仪；图像采集；WDM驱动程序；桥芯片PEX8111；可编程逻辑器件
中图分类号：TP274，TP751
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0058-04
Research of
image collecting of automatic PCB visual inspection
REN
Xiao-jun， YE Yu-tang， LIU Xu， FAN Xing， LUO Ying
（School of
Optical-Electric Information，University of Electronic Science
and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract:
Automatic PCB visual inspection had been developed for
enhancing veracity and validity of PCB inspection. The image
real time collecting and transfers of visual inspection was
introduced, including hardware and software. The system
design, detecting and WDM driver developing were discussed.
CYCLONE FPGA of ALTERA Company was used to predigest local
circuit logic, which greatly abbreviated the hardware
developing period. Difficulty of driver development was
reduced by using DriverStudio. The use of bridge chip PEX8111
and transmission mode of DMA meet the requirement of high
speed, real time, and accurate image capturing.
Key
words: Automatic PCB visual inspection； Image collecting； WDM
driver； Bridge chip PEX8111；
FPGA
Editor：liyan
18.基于Modbus协议的PLC与LabVIEW的通讯实现
万
鹏， 赵世平， 徐弘轩
（四川大学制造科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：为了完成基于Modbus协议的可编程控制器与LabVIEW的通讯，利用LabVIEW中的VISA技术，设计实现了Modbus协议下PC机与台达DVP14SS
PLC的串行通讯。PC机通过串口对PLC进行控制，并将PLC采集到的状态信息送回PC机进行处理，完成状态监测。实验结果表明，该系统具有良好的实时性和可靠性。
关键词：Modbus协议；可编程控制器；串行通讯；VISA技术；LabVIEW软件
中图分类号：TP311.52；TN915.04
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0062-03
Communication
between PLC and LabVIEW based on Modbus protocol
WAN Peng，
ZHAO Shi-ping， XU Hong-xuan
（School of Manufacturing
Science and Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China）
Abstract: To fulfill a way of
communication between PLC and LabVIEW based on Modbus
Protocol, realization of serial communication between PC and
Delta DVP14SS PLC under Modbus Protocol is developed by the
use of VISA technology. PC controls PLC through serial port.
It can process the state information collected by PLC, then
complete state monitoring. Experiment results show that the
system has good real-time quality and reliability.
Key
words: Modbus protocol; PLC; Serial communication; VISA；
LabVIEW
Editor：liyan
19.FPGA双线性插值图像变换系统的设计与实现
刘
怡1， 黄自力2， 王经纬1， 唐湘成2
（1.电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都
610054；2.西南技术物理研究所电子工程部，四川 成都 610041）
摘
要：运动目标模拟作为一种系统仿真技术是研究图像的检测、跟踪以及图像导引装备的基础技术。该设计通过FPGA对输入图像的实时运算实现对图像的缩放、平移、旋转等变换，并在VGA监视器上显示，为图像识别、跟踪提供背景模拟。在FPGA中实现实时算法使得系统不再依赖DSP进行信号处理，大大降低了成本并缩减了系统体积。
关键词：FPGA；VGA；双线性插值；实时图像变换
中图分类号：TP751；TP391.9
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0065-03
Design and
implementing of image transform system based on FPGA with
bilinear arithmetic
LIU Yi1， HUANG Zi-li2， WANG Jin-wei1，
TANG Xiang-cheng2
（1.University of Electronic Science and
Technology，Chengdu 610054，China；
2.Electronic Engineering
Branch，Southwest Institute of Technology Physics，Chengdu
610041，China）
Abstract： Simulation of moving object, as
a simulate technology of system, is the basic technology of
researching the image scan and track and guide equipment. This
real time system was processing the image on FPGA, achieving a
satisfying result of transform, zoom and eddy of the image and
display on VGA displayer. The real time processing on FPGA
makes the system not depend on DSP. It reduces the cost and
curtails the bulk of system.
Key words： FPGA； VGA；
Bilinear arithmetic； Real time image
transform
Editor：liyan
20.改进测地线活动轮廓模型的肝脏超声图像分割
欧
玥1， 刘 奇2， 汪 颖2
（1.西华大学机械工程与自动化学院，四川 成都
610039；2四川大学电气信息学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：针对超声医学图像的特点，系统地发展和应用测地线活动轮廓模型技术进行肝脏超声图像的边缘提取，提出一种改进的测地线活动轮廓模型。首先把总变分和各向异性扩散方程的有机结合构造出新的边缘停止函数；其次，提出三种边缘停止函数，通过实验比较得出最佳模型。新模型能有效地保留目标信息，消除噪音，增大图像梯度值，具有更强的收敛效果。实验表明，该方法能更加准确地提取弱边缘，达到更理想的分割效果。
关键词：总变分；各项异性扩散；测地线活动轮廓模型；肝脏超声；分割
中图分类号：R322.4+7；R445.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0068-03
Liver
ultrasound image segmentation based on improved geodesic
active contour model
OU Yue1， LIU Qi2， WANG
Ying2
（1.College of Mechanical Engineering and
Automatization，Xihua University，Chengdu
610039，China；
2.College of Electrical Information，Sichuan
University，Chengdu 610065，China）
Abstract: An improved
Geodesic Active Contour Model （GACM） was proposed to distill
the edge of liver ultrasound image according to developing and
applying GACM technology by the numbers, contraposing to liver
ultrasound medical image. Firstly, a new edge stopping
function was constructed by combing the total variation
miniature with the anisotropic diffusion equation. Secondly,
three edge stopping functions were given and the best model
was obtained via experiment comparison. The new model can
reserve the object information effectually, eliminate the
noise, augment image gradient, and pose stronger constringency
effect. The experiment shows the method can distill weak edge
more availably so as to achieve the better segmentation
result.
Key words: Total variation; Anisotropic
diffusion; Geodesic active contour model; Liver ultrasound;
Segmentation
Editor：liyan
21.基于FPGA的多DSP系统接口电路设计
黄
锐， 唐继勇， 张 磊
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 610054）
摘
要：针对多DSP（数字信号处理器）的数据传输有三种常用接口方式：EMIF，HPI和McBSP方式。而采用EMIF接口方式，利用FPGA（现场可编程逻辑门阵列）设计FIFO的接口电路，将各个DSP的EMIF总线接入FPGA中，可实现多块DSP之间的连接。实验结果表明，这种方式无需外加逻辑器件即可实现高速传送数据,适用于数据块的传送。这种设计已应用于由4片DSP构成的信号处理系统中。
关键词：DSP器件；FPGA芯片；EMIF接口；接口；数据传送
中图分类号：TP334.7；TP274+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0071-03
Interface
circuit design for multi-DSP system based on FPGA
HUANG
Rui， TANG Ji-yong， ZHANG Lei
（College of Automation
Engineering，University of Electronic Science and Technology，
Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: There are three main
interface manners, i.e. EMIF (External Memory Interface), HPI
(host-port interface) and McBSP (multi-channel buffered serial
port) among multi-DSP (digital signal processor). And the
Muti-DSP connection can be realized through connect every DSP
to FPGA (field programmable gate array) when the EMIF was used
and the FIFO (first-in, first-out) interface circuit was
designed with FPGA. The experimental results showed, by this
way, data and/or data block could be quickly transferred among
several DSP without extra logic components. For practice, it
had been applied to the system for producing signal process
using 4 pieces of DSP.
Key words: DSP; FPGA; EMIF;
Interface; Data
transfer
Editor：liyan
22.基于LabVIEW的PID控制系统设计与实现
李
扬， 谢 晖， 陈 侃
（西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘
要：针对传统单片机PID控制在数据处理、显示、存储等方面的不足，将虚拟仪器技术用于PID控制中，设计了基于LabVIEW的单容水箱PID控制系统。系统通过传感器，数据采集卡，以及LabVIEW的PID工具包，对采集的数据进行实时地分析和处理，最后达到对液位高度的控制。该系统具有人机交互性强，控制精度高，稳定性好，使用方便等优点，在教学及实验中已经得到使用。
关键词：LabVIEW软件；数据采集；PID控制；液位控制；虚拟仪器
中图分类号：TP15；TP311.52
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0074-03
Design and
realization of PID control system based on LabVIEW
LI Yang，
XIE Hui， CHEN Kan
（School of Mechanical
Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu
610031，China）
Abstract： Due to the backwards of the
control based on traditional SCM PID in the aspects of data
processing, displaying and storing etc, the virtual instrument
was applied into the PID control to design a single container
PID control system with LabVIEW. The data can be real-time
analyzed and processed by this system through its sensor, data
collector and the tool packet, PID of LabVIEW, and also, the
goal of controlling the height of the liquid-level can be
realized. This system has many advantages such as strong
human-computer interaction, high control precision, excellent
stabilities, and easy to use. Thus, it has been used in
teachings and experiments.
Key words： LabVIEW; Data
acquisition; PID control; Liquid-level control; Virtual
instrument
Editor：liyan
23.基于单片机与FPGA的波形发生器
蒋献丰，
钱卫飞
（乐清市质量技术监督检测院，浙江 乐清 325604）
摘
要：基于单片机与FPGA的波形发生器，核心技术是直接数字频率合成。FPGA集成了固定分频器、单片机通信模块、波形合成器及波形选择等模块，其输出的8位数据通过D/A转换并经功率放大后即得所需波形。单片机控制键盘与显示模块，提供了良好的人机界面。经过设计和电路测试，系统能产生正弦波、三角波和方波等波形，控制灵活，输出波形性能良好。
关键词：波形发生器；DDS技术；单片机；FPGA器件；D/A转换器
中图分类号：TP274；TM935.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0077-03
Wave
generator based on FPGA and SCM
JIAN Xian-feng， QIAN
Wei-fei
（Yueqing Institute of Measurement and Testing for
Quality and Technique Supervision，Yueqing
325604，China）
Abstract： The basic technique of this
waveform generator based on Single Chip Micro Computer and
FPGA is DDS. FPGA chip consisted of a frequency divider,
single chip communication module, wave synthesizers and a
wave-selecting module. The 8-bit output data of FPGA were
converted by a D/A and then amplified to get wave shape.
Single Chip Micro Computer that controlled the keyboard and
display module provided a good human-computer interface. By
designed and circuit testing, the system could generate sine
wave, triangular wave and square wave，easy control and high
performance.
Key words： Wave generator； DDS； SCM； FPGA；
D/A
Editor：liyan
24.电子系统BIT设计技术初探
张小林，
刘海彬
（中电集团公司第29研究所，四川 成都 610043）
摘
要：BIT（自检）是电子系统可测试性设计的重要组成部分，是电子系统或设备内部检测和隔离故障的重要手段。首先对电子系统BIT设计的定性及定量要求、基本方法及设计思路进行系统的阐述分析,结合电子系统或设备故障检测与隔离的难点，对国内外电子系统的可测试性新技术进行了介绍，并对这些技术应用于电子系统BIT的方法及可行性进行了分析说明。最后提出通过制定良好的BIT层次结构，运用边界扫描、维修总线等新技术，以及并行设计等开发模式，可以极大地提高电子系统或装备的BIT能力。
关键词：BIT（built
in test）技术；BITE（built in test
equipment）；MTM；JTAG；LRU
中图分类号：O242.1；TP751 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0080-04
Design technology
research for electronic system BIT
ZHANG Xiao-lin, LIU Hai
-bin
（China Electronic Technology Company No.29 Institute，
Chengdu 610043，China）
Abstract： BIT is one important
testability design of electronic systems. It’s also one
important way to test and insulate the failure in the
electronic system or the internal equipment. Firstly, the
qualitative and quantitative requirements, basic methods,
design ideas for BIT design of electronic systems were
systematically introduced. Then in association with the
difficulties in failure detections and insulations of
electronic systems and equipments, the new testability
technologies of electronic systems from home and abroad were
introduced, and the possibility and method for applying these
technologies to the electronic system BIT were analyzed and
explained. Finally, the BIT capability of electronic systems
and equipments was improved through makine right Bit layer,
using the new technology includinng boundary scanning， MTM bus
etc. and taking parallel designing as the development
model.
Key words： BIT； BITE； MTM； JTAG；
LRU
Editor：liyan
25.车速传感器和压电陀螺仪数据采集系统的设计
梁贸源，
王 忠， 薛晓娜
（四川大学电气信息学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：利用车速传感器和压电陀螺仪进行汽车的航位推算，成功解决由于GPS信号被遮挡不能定位的情形。汽车多传感器数据采集系统设计以单片机ATMEGA8和数据处理电路为核心，给出了部分硬件设计原理图和单片机程序设计流程图。速度信号采集电路将不同车速转变成的不同频率的脉冲信号输入到单片机进行控制与计算；压电陀螺仪采集电路把汽车转向的角加速度通过一次积分为角速度再传给单片机进行A/D转换，最后通过串口传送给PC机，用PC机终端程序进行测试，测试结果表明，该车速和方向传感器数据采集系统软硬件系统工作稳定正常。
关键词：车速传感器；压电陀螺仪；数据采集；单片机；ATMEGA8
中图分类号：TP212.1；TP274+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0084-03
Design and
realization of sampling system based on speed sensor and
gyroscope
LIANG Mao-yuan， WANG Zhong， XUE
Xiao-na
（School of Electrics Information
Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China）
Abstract: Dead reckoning of cars is
widely used in positioning with speed sensor and gyroscope
when the GPS signal is obstructed. This paper introduced
design & realization of sampling system based on speed
sensor and gyroscope. The system was based on single chip
processor ATMEGA8. Its hardware principle circuit and the
software flow figure were given. The different frequency
pluses based on different speed was generated by sensor and
sent them into single chip processor. Signal from gyroscope
was transmitted to ADC after once integrating. Then the
voltage sent it to PC through serial bus. The measuring result
proved validity and stability of the system.
Key words:
Speed sensor； Gyroscope； Data sampling； Single chip processor；
ATMEGA8
Editor：liyan
26.超声洁牙设备检测仪的设计
甘德成
（江西渝州科技职业学院，江西
新余 338029）
摘
要：为实现对超声洁牙设备检测，依据超声洁牙设备原理和行业标准规定，对测量方法进行了探索研究，设计出一种基于智能化控制系统的检测方法，该检测系统具有成本低、实时性高、可移植性等特点，具有很好的应用价值。
关键词：超声洁牙设备；系统模块；智能化控制；检测系统；实时性
中图分类号：TH787；TP273+.5
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0087-04
Detection
apparatus design for ultrasonic dental descalers
GAN
De-cheng
（Jiangxi Yuzhou Vocational College of Science and
Technology，Xinyu 338029，China）
Abstract: Ultrasonic dental
descaler is one kind of typical medical device and its
principal application is to remove plaque and calculus from
teeth. According to the principle of ultrasonic dental
descalers and their corresponding regulations of occupation
standards, the present measuring methods were investigated and
a new detecting method was designed to detect ultrasonic
dental descalers based on intelligent control system. This
detecting system for ultrasonic dental descalers was consisted
of two models, hardware and software. In the present article,
the design method, instructions and its functional
characteristics were mainly introduced. The results indicate
that this detecting system is cost-effective，high real-time,
portability and so on. All above predict its bright
prospects.
Key words: Ultrasonic dental descaler;
System module; Intelligent control; Detecting system;
Real-time
Editor：liyan
28.微波消解-AAS测定垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属
冯素萍1，
裘 娜1， 沈 永1， 唐厚全2
（1.山东大学环境科学与工程学院，山东 济南
250100；2.济南市环境监测站，山东 济南 250014）
摘
要：采用微波消解法对城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰样品进行预处理，在此基础上优化了城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的微波消解酸体系及消解程序。优化后的微波消解酸体系及用量比例为HNO3
∶ HF ∶ HClO4=3 ∶ 4 ∶ 1；消解程序的四个工步分别为：3 min（5×101 kPa），3
min（10×101 kPa），4 min（15×101 kPa），6 min（20×101
kPa）。该方法的相对标准偏差为1.2%～4.5%，加标回收率为95.9%～103.7%，应用于实际的城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰样品取得了良好的效果。
关键词：微波消解；AAS法；城市垃圾；焚烧飞灰；重金属
中图分类号：X328；X701.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0091-04
Heavy metal
determination in waste incineration fly ash by microwave
digestion-AAS
FENG Su-ping1， QIU Na1， SHEN Yong1， TANG
Hou-quan2
（1.College of Environmental Science and
Engineering，Shandong University，Jinan 250100，China；
2.Jinan
Environmental Monitoring Center，Jinan
250014，China）
Abstract: The fly ash sample in municipal
solid waste incineration was pretreated with microwave
process. The purpose of this research was to optimize the
microwave digestion acid reagents and the digestion process.
The improved microwave digestion acid reagents were HNO3 ∶ HF
∶ HClO4=3 ∶ 4 ∶ 1. The four processes of digestion were 3 min
（5×101 kPa）， 3 min （10×101 kPa）， 4 min （15×101 kPa）， 6 min
（20×101 kPa） respectively. The RSDs of this method were from
1.2 % to 4.5 % and the recoveries were from 95.9% to 103.7%.
The results indicate that the improved method could be used in
municipal solid waste incineration fly ash samples and obtain
desirable results.
Key words: Microwave digestion;
Atomic absorption spectrometry; Municipal solid waste;
Incineration fly ash; Heavy
metal
Editor：liyan
29.红外定量分析四氯化钛中的三氯乙酰氯
宋玉萍1，2，
谭 红2， 孙军平1， 杨鸿波2 ，陈红亮1，2， 许华杰1，2， 何锦林2
（1.贵州大学，贵州 贵阳
550001；2.贵州省理化分析测试研究中心，贵州 贵阳 550001）
摘
要：精四氯化钛中的三氯乙酰氯会影响海绵钛的质量。为测定三氯乙酰氯的含量,应用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术、自制5
cm长光程液体池和一套密封取样装置，定量分析了精四氯化钛中的三氯乙酰氯。本方法的线性范围在（0～0.163）g/L，相关系数r=0.999
4，吸光系数是2.767 L/g•cm，检出限3.61×10-4
g/L。本方法检出限低、灵敏度高、线性范围宽，可满足四氯化钛工业生产监控这种杂质的要求。
关键词：傅里叶变换红外光谱；四氯化钛；三氯乙酰氯；定量分析；密封取样装置
中图分类号：TQ114；TH744.41
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0095-03
Quantitative
analysis for trichloroacetyl chloride in titanium
tetrachloride by
infrared spectrophotometers
SONG
Yu-ping1，2， TAN Hong2， SUN Jun-ping1， YANG Hong-bo2， CHEN
Hong-liang1，2， XU Hua-jie1，2， HE Jin-lin2
（1.Guizhou
University，Guiyang 550001，China；
2.Guizhou Research Center
of Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis，Guiyang
550001，China）
Abstract： Trichloroacetyl chloride in
titanium tetrachloride affects the quality of titanium sponge,
FT-IR（Fourier transform infrared） spectrophotometer with a
homemade 5 cm path length liquid cell and a set of airproof
sampling units has been used to determine trichloroacetyl
chioride in titanium tetrachloride. The results show that the
liner range of calibration curve is from 0 g/L to 0.163 g/L,
r, the correlation coefficient is 0.999 4, the absorbance
coefficient is 2.767 L/g•cm and the detection limit
is 3.61×10-4 g/L. All above indicate this method can determine
low concentration trichloroacetyl chloride, with high
sensitivity and wide liner range. Thus, it will satisfy
industrial production requirement well.
Key words：
FT-IR spectrophotometers； Titanium tetrachloride；
Trichloroacetyl chloride； Quantitative analysis; Airproof
sampling
unit
Editor：liyan
30.蔬菜中吡虫啉农药残留分析方法
殷春杭， 钱允辉，
张 琰
（南通市农产品质量检验测试中心，江苏 南通 226006）
摘
要：针对蔬菜中吡虫啉残留分析没有国标可执行的问题，着手对此进行了一些研究，提出了一种简单、快速且较为经济的对残留量的检测分析方法。用二氯甲烷，采用匀浆法提取，并用安捷伦的C18柱（500
mg；6 mL）进行净化。用高效液相色谱仪测定，外标法定量。其特点是方法简便、快速，结果准确。检测波长269
nm；色谱柱C18 XDB 250 mm×4.6 mm×5
μm；流动相：乙腈∶水=40∶60（V/V）；该方法标准曲线相关系数0.999
99。
关键词：蔬菜；吡虫啉；农药残留：高效液相色谱；回收率
中图分类号：S63；S481+.8
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0098-03
Determination of
imidacloprid pesticide residues in vegetables
YIN
Chun-hang， QIAN Yun-hui， ZHANG Yan
（Nantong Center for
Agricultural Product Quality Supervision and Testing，Nantong
226006，China）
Abstract: At present, there is no
national standard for determination of imidacloprid pesticide
residues in vegetables. In order to solve this problem, one
simple, rapid, economic method was researched and established
for determination of pesticide residues. In this method, ethyl
acetale and dichloromethane were used to extract residues with
eddy-oscillate method. And the extract was purified with
Agilent C18 column（500 mg；6 mL）. After then it was analyzed
with high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and
quantified with ESTD method. In detail, the detection
wavelength was 269 nm, the chromatography column was C18 XDB
250 mm×4.6 mm×5 μm and the mobile phase was 40%（V/V）
acetonitrile aqueous solution. The results indicate that this
method is simple and rapid, the linear regression coefficient
of calibration curve is larger than 0.99999, and the
measurement result is accurate.
Key wards: Vegetable；
Imidacloprid； Pesticide residue； HPLC；
Recovery
Editor：liyan
31.盘形凸轮廓线测量及逆向分析系统设计
冯 鉴， 谢
敏， 张兴元
（西南交通大学峨眉校区，四川 峨眉 614202）
摘
要：基于逆向工程的思想提出了一种应用于盘形凸轮廓线的测量及分析系统，并详细介绍了该系统的设计原理、硬软件组成及测量数据的处理算法。通过实际测量并对测量数据按设计算法处理后表明，该系统的测量及分析方法正确，效果比较理想。利用所获得的有效数据在系统中添加后置CAD模块，建立凸轮的三维CAD实体模型，就可以很方便地进行数控机床加工。
关键词：盘形凸轮；轮廓曲线；测量装置；逆向工程
中图分类号：U263.3；TP274+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0101-03
Design of
profile measurement and reverse analysis system for plate
cam
FENG Jian， XIE Min， ZHANG Xing-yuan
（Emei
Campus，Southwest Jiaotong University，Emei
614202，China）
Abstract： Based on the principle of
reverse engineering, the system for measurement and analysis
of the profile of plate cam was brought forward. The theories,
configuration of the hardware and software and the algorithm
for the post processing of the acquired data of the system
were also described. The comparison of the measurements and
computed results based on the developed theories shows that
the measurement and analysis method of this system is correct
and the result is reasonable. Utilizing the available data and
adding a CAD module to this system, building the 3-dimensional
solid model for the plate cam, could be used for the machining
on a NC machine expediently.
Key words： Plate cam；
Profile curve； Measure device； Reverse
engineering
Editor：liyan
32.容量比较法解决储油罐罐底变形引起的差量
佟明星1，
王天顺1， 郑 鹤1， 杨 华2， 傅茉莉2， 辛 欣2， 罗熙清2
（1.国家大容量第一计量站，辽宁
抚顺113006；2.沈阳军区油料监督处，辽宁 沈阳110013）
摘
要：储油罐罐底变形引起的计量误差，是目前全国从事油品储存加工企业急需解决的一个问题。以容量比较法为测试验证方法，采用罗斯蒙特0.1级质量流量计，测试储油罐罐底基础沉降与罐底板形成间隙引起的夹层（暗舱）而造成的差量。将测得的差量结果来重新修正容量表，解决了储油罐因罐底变形造成计量误差的问题，大大提高了罐容使用的准确度。
关键词：罐底变形；容量比较法；解决差量
中图分类号：TH814+.6；TB938.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0104-03
Resolve the
dispatch amounts caused by bottom deformations of oil
storage
tank jars with capacity comparison method
TONG
Ming-xing1， WANG Tian-shun1， ZHENG He1， YANG Hua2， FU Mo-li2，
XIN Xin2， LUO Xi-qing2
（1.The First Measure Station of
Country High-capacity，Fushun 113006，China；
2.The Oil
Supervisor Bureau of Shenyang Military Region，Shenyang
110013，China）
Abstract： The metrology errors caused by
oil storage tank jar bottom deformations were urgent problems
need to solve in the oil product storing and processing
enterprises throughout the country. The dispatch amount caused
by the interlayer （dark cabin） deformation, the gap between
the basis settlement of the oil storage tank jar bottom and
its bottom board was tested with the capacity comparison
method and the Ross Mengte grade-0.1 mass flowmeter. It solved
the metrology errors caused by bottom deformations of oil
storage tank jars through calibrating the capacities with the
measurement results. And it increased the accuracy of
effective tank capacity greatly.
Key words： Jar bottom
deformation; Capacity comparison method; Resolve dispatch
amount
Editor：liyan
33.基于SOPC技术的三坐标测量机运动控制核心
江 舟，
周丹华， 兰 波
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610021）
摘
要：设计了一种新型的基于SOPC技术的三坐标测量机控制核心。该控制核心以数字脉冲的方式实现三坐标的运动控制和相关I/O接口控制功能。该核心的测量机控制系统以PC机作为上位机，利用串口进行上、下位机的通信，所有对实时性要求高的功能都在片内实现，包括插补运算、测点锁存和测头保护等。用SOPC技术开发的坐标测量机控制核心简化平台硬件结构，系统具有开放、性能可靠且本身结构紧凑等特点，并且可以灵活的实现定制应用。
关键词：SOPC（可编程片上系统）；FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）；坐标机运动控制；测点锁存；测头保护
中图分类号：TP311.52；TP273
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0107-03
CMM motion
control core based on SOPC technology
JIANG Zhou， ZHOU
Dan-hua， LAN bo
（National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract： A
new kind of CMM (coordinate measuring machine) control core
was designed based on SOPC (system on a programmable chip)
technology. This control core controls the tri-coordinate
motion and the functions of the related I/O through the mode
of digital pulses. And it takes PC as upper system, used a
serial port to communicate between the upper system and the
lower system, and all functions needing high speed and
real-time were performed in the chip, include interpolation,
measuring point latching, probe protecting, etc. The CMM
control core based on SOPC technology has simplified the
structure of motion controller hardware, and its system has
features such as open structure, reliable performance, compact
structure, and so on. Thus, this CMM motion control core could
be achieved at custom-made applications flexibly.
Key
words： SOPC; FPGA; CMM motion control; Measuring point latch;
Probe
protect
Editor：liyan
34.小口径薄壁钢管水浸法超声波探伤系统研究
刘清洋，
殷国富， 赵秀粉， 周 莉
（四川大学制造科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：针对小口径薄壁钢管无损检测的需要，设计开发了一种基于水浸式超声波的双探头探伤检测系统。论述了该系统检测原理、总体结构、主要功能部件设计和软硬件系统的组成，分析介绍了检测软件系统的功能，并对探伤检测系统运行过程中由于振动引起的信号干扰等问题提出了解决方法，最后对系统进行了应用验证。
关键词：超声波检测；水浸；小口径；薄壁；振动；信号干扰
中图分类号：TH871；TH878+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0110-04
Research on
water ultrasonic fault detection system for thin-wall and
small-diameter steel tubes
LIU Qing-yang， YIN Guo-fu， ZHAO
Xiu-fen， ZOU Li
（College Manufacturing and
Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China）
Abstract： A fault detection system with
double-probe based on water ultrasonic wave is designed and
developed to meet the needs of non-destructive testing for
thin-wall and small-diameter steel tubes. The testing
principle, structure, design of the main components and
composing in software and hardware of this system were
described. At the same time, the functions of the testing
software system were introduced. The solutions for some
problems including signal interference caused by vibration in
the course of fault detection were proposed. At last, this
system was inspected and verified.
Key words：
Ultrasonic wave detection； Water immerse； Small diameter； Thin
wall； Vibration; Signal
interference
Editor：liyan
35.一种用于小型无人机避障的快速视差测距方法
王一凡，
谌德荣， 张立燕
（北京理工大学宇航科学技术学院，北京 100081）
摘
要：为了实现小型无人机快速自主测距避障，在双目视差测距的基础上，提出了一种机载三目视差测距算法，利用三个视觉传感器测得的数据，推导出简单的距离公式。利用各传感器成像间的相关性，提出了一种加快图像识别方法，通过缩小对图像中障碍物像元的搜索范围，有效地减小了目标搜索运算量，加快了搜索速度，为小型无人机快速自主避障系统的研制创造了条件。
关键词：多目成像；立体视觉；视差测距；图像识别；CCD传感器；区域分割
中图分类号：TP872；TP75
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0114-03
A fast
parallax distance measuring method for small UAV obstacle
avoiding
WANG Yi-fan， CHEN De-rong， ZHANG Li-yan
（School
of Aerospace Science and Technology，Beijing University of
Technology，Beijing 100081，China）
Abstract: In order to
achieve obstacle avoidance of small UAV rapidly and
independently by ranging, the paper presents an algorithm that
measures distance through three vision sensors on the UAV
based on binocular parallax distance measuring. The method
used three vision sensors to obtain data, and then calculated
some simple distance formulae. Using the correlation of image
of vision sensors, an image recognition method which could
increase the speed was proposed. It effectively decreased the
computation power and improved the processing speed of
parallax distance measuring by reducing research range of
obstacle pixel in the image. This is a base for realizing
autonomous obstacle avoiding system of small UAV.
Key
words: Multi-aperture imaging； Stereo vision； Parallax measure
distance； Image recognition； CCD； Region
segmentation
Editor：liyan
36.高精度电池组检测系统的研究与开发
王海峰，
田治礼， 仲 强
(山东胜利职业学院，山东 东营 257097)
摘
要：为实现电池组运行状况的实时监测和控制系统显得极其重要，设计并研制了一套基于Philip900系列单片机的多处理器、多机通讯电池组检测系统。该系统可以同时监测24节电池的工作情况，并且能够对电池组总体电压和单个电池的工作进行可靠的监控，出现问题能够及时报警。实践证明该设计方案正确可行。
关键词：电池组；检测系统；单片机；多处理器；多机通讯
中图分类号：TM911；TP273+.5
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0117-04
Research and
development of high precision battery set detection
system
WANG Hai-feng， TIAN Zhi-li， ZHONG qiang
（Shandong
Shengli Vocational College，Dongying
257097，China）
Abstract: It is important to research and
develop a system which can monitor and control the operational
state of the battery set in industrial control. So a
battery-pile detecting system based on Philip 900 SCM was
designed and prepared for multi-processor, multi-computer
communication processors. This system could control 24-part
battery-pile operations, monitor and control the general
voltage and the single battery operations simultaneously. If
the problem appeared, it could give an alarm immediately. And
the practice results proved that this design was feasible and
right.
Key words: Battery-pile; Detecting system; SCM;
Multi-processor; Multi-computer
communication
Editor：liyan
37.RT-Linux坐标测量机开放式控制系统构建
曾
潇， 王 伟， 李 洋
（中国测试技术研究院测量仪器研究所，四川 成都 610021）
摘
要：构建了一种基于RT-Linux操作系统的坐标测量机开放式控制系统。该系统利用RT-Linux作为操作系统，以模块化方式实现了坐标测量机的运动控制、相关I/O控制、测量数据采集和人机界面显示等功能，并且这些模块完全开放，从而使控制系统具有互操作性、可移植性、可缩放性和可互换性，大大提高了坐标测量机控制系统的适应能力。
关键词：开放式；坐标测量机；RT-Linux操作系统；嵌入式
中图分类号：TP311.52；TP273
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0121-03
Open controlling
system construction for coordinate measuring machines based on
RT-Linux
ZENG Xiao， WANG Wei， LI Yang
（Instrumentation
Division of National Institute of Measuring and Testing
Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract: An open
controlling system based on RT-Linux operating system was
constructed for coordinate measuring machine（CMM）. This open
controlling system achieved the functions of motion control,
related I/O control, measuring data acquisition, human-machine
interface display, and so on by modularizations with RT-Linux
operating system. And these modules were completely open.
Thus, the controlling system possesses many features such as
interoperability, portability, scalability and
exchangeability. All those improved the compatibility of CMM
control system greatly.
Key words: Open; Coordinate
measuring machine; RT-Linux OS;
Embedded
Editor：liyan
38.基于多目标进化算法的压电换能器优化设计
穆
飞, 傅 波，黄振伟
（四川大学制造科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：为了解决单目标优化无法满足实际工程应用需求的问题，通过对一个约束性多目标优化问题的分析，以最大振幅和最小输入电压做为优化目标，设计参数包括连续变量（换能器的尺寸）和离散变量（材料类型），利用基于分析模型的传递矩阵法对压电换能器进行建模，进而导出优化问题的数学描述式，最后应用多目标进化算法NSGA-II，估算一系列的pareto优化设计值，分析优化结构，并确定最优设计参数。
关键词：压电换能器；传递矩阵；多目标进化算法；
约束性问题；优化设计
中图分类号：O224；TB552 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0124-03
Piezoelectric
transducer optimized design based on Multi-objective
evolutionary algorithms
MU Fei， FU Bo， HUANG
Zhen-wei
（College of Manufacturing Science and
Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China）
Abstract： Since the single-objective
optimization could not solve the complicated situation in
applications, the design of a Langevin transducer had been
described as a constrained multi-objective optimization
problem. The maximum vibration amplitude and minimum
electrical input power were considered as optimization
objectives. Design variables involved continuous and discrete
variables. The transfer matrix method based on analytical
models was used to simulate the behavior of transducers. A
multi-objective evolutionary algorithms（NSGA-II） was used, and
the set of pareto-optimal solutions was calculated. At last,
the optimized results were analyzed, and the preferred design
was determined.
Key words： Piezoelectric transducers；
Transfer matrices； Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms；
Restrict problems； Optimal
design
Editor：liyan
39.基于红外二级管纠偏探头的设计与验证
康 靖，
赵庆海
（西安理工大学印刷包装工程学院，陕西 西安 710048）
摘
要：通过直流电路驱动红外二级管发出的红外光恒功率发射，红外光经过聚光透镜，形成直径为20
mm的光柱。带材正常运动时处于光柱的中心位置，光电二极管接收到的光功率为一定值；当带材偏移时，引起接收管的光功率变化，导致光生电流变化，从而确定偏移量与光生电流的关系。在信号的放大与处理环节采用两级运算放大器相结合的电路，充分减少信号衰减与噪声影响，并产生较大的电压增益，试验表明该电路设计可行并达到一定的精度。
关键词：红外二级管；恒功率；纠偏探头；光生电流；运算放大器
中图分类号：TP391.41；TN214
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0127-04
Design and
validate excursion sensor based on infrared diode
KANG
Jing， ZHAO Qing-hai
（School of Printing and Packing
Engineering，Xi’an University of Technology，Xi’an
710048，China）
Abstract： The infrared diode was droved
by DC circuit to send light with constant power. The rays
passed through a condensing lens and formed a light pole with
the diameter of 20 mm. When the web worked normally, it passed
through the central axle of the light pole so that the optical
power received by photosensitive diode was normal constant. On
the contrary, if the web went with excursion, different
luminous flux would be gotten by the photosensitive diode.
Furthermore, the photocurrent which had a direct proportion
relationship with the luminous flux would be changed too.
Based on the above, the relationship between the excursion and
the photocurrent could be determined. Using two operational
amplifiers to amplify and deal with the current signals, it
could lessen the signal attenuation and yawp infections and
produce biggish voltage plus. The experimental results shows
that this designed circuit is available and with certain
accuracy.
Key words： Infrared diode; Constant power;
Excursion sensor; Photocurrent; Operational
amplifier
Editor：liyan
40.利用冲击波速度间接测试超压值的可行性研究
安建军，
张志杰， 王文廉
（中北大学仪器科学与动态测试教育部重点实验室，山西 太原 030051）
摘
要：在对现有冲击波超压测试方法和特点分析的基础上，为进一步准确测定弹药爆炸时产生的冲击波超压和冲量，提出了一种可行的间接测量冲击波超压的方法，即在求得冲击波速度的基础上，利用兰金--雨贡纽方程（Rankine-Hugoniot）求解冲击波超压，用该试验方法求得的超压值与压力传感器直接测量的超压值进行比对，由此来证明用冲击波速度测试超压这种试验方法的理论可行性。
关键词：冲击波；超压测量；速度测量；兰金—雨贡纽方程；超压值
中图分类号：TK312；TJ650.6
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2008）03-0131-04
Feasibility
research of using shock wave to test the overpressure
indirectly
An Jian-jun， Zhang Zhi-jie， Wang
Wen-lian
（Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of
Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement，
North
University of China，Taiyuan
030051，China）
A
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