 目录摘要
1.茶叶中氨基酸的测试方法概述
谭和平， 陈 丽， 叶善蓉，
邹 燕
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：在参阅1907年以来国内外关于茶叶氨基酸分析的180余篇文献的基础上，对茶叶中氨基酸的分析方法做了较系统的介绍，并针对茶叶氨基酸的特点，就茶叶样品的前处理方法(主要包括萃取法和浸提法)及目前常用的分析方法(主要包括氨基酸自动分析仪法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法等)进行了评述。
关键词：茶叶；氨基酸；分析；样品前处理；高效液相色谱法
中图分类号：TS2，TS207.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0001-04
Overview of
amino acid determinations for tea
TAN He-ping， CHEN Li， YE
Shan-rong， ZOU Yan
（National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract: More
than 180 literatures about amino acid determinations for tea
since 1907 were reviewed, and those determining methods
relating to amino acids in tea were systematically introduced.
According to the features of amino acids in tea, those tea
pretreatment methods mainly including extraction and
lixiviation, and those popular determining methods mainly
including automatic amino acid analyzer， high performance
liquid chromatography， capillary electrophoresis， etc. were
described too.
Key words: Tea； Amino acid； Determination；
Sample pretreatment； HPLC
2.海水光谱吸收/散射系数测量仪的研制
苏红雨1，
杨华元1， 余浩然1， 余德萍1， 龚 岚1， 李 波2
（1.中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都
610061；2.榆林市计量测试所，陕西 榆林 719000）
摘
要：在克服了由于海水的光谱吸收和散射很小的难点下，研制成功具有高分辨和高精度能力的室外现场测试仪器，其结构紧凑合理，测量装置构思精巧，测试过程完全自动化，克服环境和测试条件的多变性带来的影响，实现了海水吸收系数与散射系数的瞬态测量。现场海水光谱吸收/散射系统测量装置为国内首创，填补了国内空白。
关键词：海水光谱；吸收系数；散射系数；在线水下测量
中图分类号：X834，TH744.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0005-05
Testing
equipments for spectral absorption coefficient and
spectral
scattering coefficients of sea water
SU Hong-yu1， YANG
Hua-yuan1，YU Hao-ran1， YU De-ping1， GONG Lan1， LI
Bo2
（1.National Institute of Measurement and Testing
Technology，Chengdu 610061，China；
2.Yulin Institute of
Metrology，Yulin 719000，China）
Abstract: The difficulties of
very small spectral absorption/scattering coefficients of sea
water has been overcome. The high-precision and
high-resolution were developed, outdoor field testing
equipment, which has compact and sophisticated structure and a
fully automated testing process. This testing equipment
overcomes environmental conditions and got the spectral
absorption /scattering coefficients of sea water during
transient measurements. Our equipment is the first in-situ
testing device for absorption/scattering coefficients of sea
water in our country.
Key words: Spectrum of sea water；
Spectral absorption coefficient； Spectral scattering
coefficient； In-situ under-water
test
3.多参数吸水剖面组合测井方法研究
戴家才， 郭海敏，
张晓岗
（长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室， 湖北 荆州 434023）
摘
要：油田开发进入中后期,准确掌握注水井各小层的吸水状况能够为油藏综合调整,挖替增效提供可靠的依据。同位素吸水剖面测井已愈来愈不满足实际生产的需求，采用电磁流量计与同位素示踪吸水剖面组合测井能很好地解决诸如地层大孔道以及注聚合物等注入剖面测井难题。在分析测井过程的基础上，提出了多参数组合吸水剖面测井资料解释方法。实例应用表明，多参数组合吸水剖面测井较传统的同位素吸水剖面测井能有效地解决放射性沾污、大孔道等难题，具有良好的应用前景。
关键词：吸水剖面；电磁流量计；组合测井；大孔道；放射性沾污；资料解释
中图分类号：TE357.8
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0010-03
Method of
multi-parameter water-injection profile combination
logging
DAI Jia-cai， GUO Hai-min， ZHANG Xiao-gang
（Key
Laboratory of Oil-gas Resource and Survey of Ministry of
Education，Yangtze University，Jingzhou
434023，China）
Abstract: In the middle and late stage of
oilfield development, it would provide reliable bases for
overall adjustment of oil reservoir and increasing efficiency
to know the water injection of each sub-layer in injection
well accurately. Isotope water-injection profile logging
couldn’t conform to the requirements of producing
increasingly. However, combing the electromagnetic flow meter
and isotope tracer injection profile logging could solve those
injection profile logging problems such as formation of high
capacity channel, polymer injection, etc. Based on the
analyses of the logging process, a new method to interpret the
data of the multi-parameter water-injection profile
combination logging was proposed. Practical applications
indicate that multi-parameter water-injection profile
combination logging can resolve those problems including
radioactive contamination, formation of high capacity channel,
etc. much better than the traditional isotope injection
profile logging. Thus, this logging technology has a good
application prospect.
Key words: Water-injection profile；
Electromagnetic flow meter; Combination logging; High capacity
channel; Radioactive contamination; Data
interpretation
4.一种低温混合样品状态监测仪
孙悦1，2， 帅俊卿1， 孙
东1
（1.四川大学物理学院，四川 成都 610065；2.中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川 绵阳
621900）
摘
要：设计了一套基于PC的光纤传感-光电检测装置，成功地对液体一氧化碳（CO）-液氮（N2）-石墨碳（C）混合体系的冷凝-混合过程进行了实时监测。响应曲线的波动能准确地对应CO-N2-C混合溶液在临界沸腾搅拌后微粒混均-分层-沉降的过程。结合冷凝标定数据，该装置还能实现半定量均匀度的监测。
关键词：光纤传感器；低温液-固体混合；一氧化碳；液氮；石墨
中图分类号：O514.2，O521+.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0013-02
Development of a
monitor for cryo-mixtures
SUN Yue1，2， SHUAI Jun-qing1， SUN
Dong1
（1.College of Physics，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China；
2.Institute of Fluid Physics，CAEP，Mianyang
621900，China）
Abstract: A set of fiber sensor-photoelectric
detector has been designed based on PC, and successfully
applied to monitor a real time condensing-mixing course for
CO-N2-C system. The fluctuations in respondent curves are
accurately corresponding to a blending-layered-settlement
program agitated from CO-N2-C mixture at critical aboil state.
The semi-quantitative measures can be also realized for
uniform of admixture by this equipment as combined with
demarcated data in condensed liquid.
Key words: Fiber
sensor; Mixed cryo-liquid-solid; Monoxide carbon; Liquid
nitrogen; Graphite
5.压缩天然气（CNG）加气站安全监测及信息管理
苏昌林， 刘缙林，
邱东利
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：文中描述了CNG加气站安全监测及信息管理系统的原理、结构和主要功能。系统运用现代信息技术，对资源进行重组和优化，以促进资源的高效配置和综合利用。该系统的使用有效的提高了CNG加气站的安全运行指标,提升安全生产能力、降低安全事故发生率。同时为相关生产企业提高劳动生产率及信息化管理水平提供了有力的技术手段。
关键词：压缩天然气；安全监测；信息管理；射频卡；互联网
中图分类号：TE122.27，TP311.52
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0015-04
Safety
monitoring and information management for CNG stations
SU
Chang-lin， LIU Jin-lin， QIU Dong-li
（National Institute of
Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu
610061，China）
Abstract: The principle，structure and main
function of the safety monitoring and information management
system for compressed natural gas （CNG） station were
described. Modern information technology was used and
resources were reorganized and optimized in order to promote
effective allocation and comprehensive utilization of
resources in this system. And this system efficiently improved
the safe operation indicators, promoted the safe production
ability and lowered the safety accident rate of CNG station.
Meanwhile，it provided strong technical means for related
business enterprises to improve their labor productivity and
informatization management level.
Key words: Compressed
natural gas； Safety monitoring； Informatization management； RF
card； Internet
6.分光光度法测定混合液中Co（Ⅱ）Ni（Ⅱ）含量分析
何 虹1，
诸爱士2
（1.浙江省计量科学研究院，浙江 杭州 310013；2. 浙江科技学院生物与化学工程学院，浙江 杭州
310012）
摘
要：采用分光光度法快速测定混合液中的钴和镍，将电渗析与萃取耦合，对NiCl2•6H2O与CoCl2•6H2O的混合溶液进行分离。考察了钴和镍测定的影响以及流量、电流强度对分离效果的影响。结果表明：720nm下钴不影响镍的测定，510nm下镍影响钴的测定；电流强度小、流量适中有利于分离。
关键词：钴；镍；分析
中图分类号：TH744.12+1，TF803.23
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0019-03
Co（Ⅱ） and Ni（Ⅱ）
contents in liquid mixture determined by spectrophotometric
method
HE Hong1， ZHU Ai-shi2
（1.Zhejiang Institute of
Metrology Sciences，Hangzhou 310013，China；
2.School of
Biological and Chemical Engineering，Zhejiang University of
Science and Technology，Hangzhou 310012，China）
Abstract: The
concentrations of cobalt and nickel in liquid mixture were
rapidly determined with spectrophotometry. And
NiCl2•6H2O and CoCl2•6H2O in the blends
were separated through coupling electro dialysis with
extraction. Afterwards, those factors affecting the Co and Ni
determinations, as well as those affecting their separation
such as flow rate, current strength were investigated. The
results indicate that Co has no interference to the nickel
determination under 720nm, but Ni has linear interference to
the Co determination under 510nm. And the separation will be
improved when the current strength is small and the flow rate
is moderate.
Key words: Cobalt; Nickel;
Determination
7.同步辐射形貌分析旋转单晶中缺陷取向的计算
于万里1， 罗永安1， 田玉莲2，
黄万霞2， 袁清习2， 朱佩平2
（1.燕山大学亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室，河北 秦皇岛
066004；2.中国科学院高能物理研究所，北京 100039）
摘
要：在利用同步辐射进行晶体缺陷的形貌研究时，为了获得晶体缺陷的三维分布信息，在实验中样品要在样品台上沿不同方向旋转轴进行多次旋转，因而需要计算样品经过多次旋转后任意矢量的空间坐标以及缺陷的取向坐标。根据齐次坐标理论导出了单晶体绕样品台任意直线旋转任意角度后晶体中矢量坐标的计算公式，并以晶体同步辐射形貌分析的实例说明了如何利用此公式进行矢量计算。
关键词：同步辐射；旋转；晶体；矢量
中图分类号：O785，O77
文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0022-03
Method to calculate
coordinates of vectors of rotated single crystal in researchof
synchrotron radiation topography
YU Wan-li1， LUO Yong-an1，
TIAN Yu-lian2， HUANG Wan-xia2， YUAN Qing-xi2， ZHU
Pei-ping2
（1.State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials
Science and Technology，Yanshan University， Qinhuangdao
066004，China；
2.Institute of High Energy Physics，Academia
Science of China，Beijing 100039，China）
Abstract: In order
to study the distribution feature of the defects in a crystal,
the specimen had to be rotated several times along different
axes in the experiments of synchrotron radiation topography.
The coordinates of the crystal after rotated had to be
calculated when the topographs were analyzed. The formulae
were derived to calculate the spherical coordinates of any
vector after the specimen was rotated any angles around any
axis based on the homogenous coordinate theory. An example was
put forward to show how to use the formulae to calculate the
spherical coordinates of the crystal in the synchrotron
radiation topographic analysis.
Key words: Synchrotron
radiation; Rotation; Crystal;
Vector
8.晶体硅太阳能电池少子寿命测试方法
周春兰， 王文静
（中国科学院电工研究所，北京
100080）
摘
要：少数载流子寿命(简称少子寿命)是半导体晶体硅材料的一项重要参数，它对半导体器件的性能、晶体硅太阳能电池的光电转换效率都有重要的影响。分别介绍了常用的测量晶体硅和晶体硅太阳电池少子寿命的各种方法，包括微波光电导衰减法（MW-PCD），准稳态光电导方法（QSSPC），表面光电压（SPV），IR浓度载流子浓度成像（CDI），调制自由载流子吸收（MFCA）和光束（电子束）诱导电流（LBIC，EBLC），并指出了各种方法的优点和不足。
关键词：晶体硅；太阳能电池；少子寿命；微波光电导衰减；准稳态光电导；表面光电压
中图分类号：O785，O77
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0025-07
Lifetime
measurement for minority carrier of crystalline silicon solar
cells
ZHOU Chun-lan， WANG Wen-jing
（Institute of
Electrical Engineering， Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing
100080，China）
Abstract: Lifetime of minority carrier is one
of the most important parameters for semiconductor material
crystalline silicon. It is very important for the performance
of semiconductor components and photoelectric conversion
efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells. Common lifetime
measurement methods for minority carrier of crystalline
silicon and crystalline silicon solar cells were introduced,
including microwave photoconductivity decay（μ-PCD）,
quasi-steady state photo-conductance（QSSPC）, surface
photoelectric voltage（SPV）, infrared carrier density
imaging（IR-CDI）, modulation free-carrier absorption（MFCA） and
laser beam（electron beam）-induced current（LBIC, EBLC）
microscopy. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods were
investigated too.
Key words: Crystalline silicon; Solar
cells; Minority carrier lifetime; μ-PCD; QSSPC;
SPV
9.低频水声声压校准测试系统的设计
刘晋昌， 王双记， 于洪涛
（91388部队96分队，广东
湛江 524022）
摘
要：水声声压是声学测量中应用最广泛的参数，对声压的测量又是通过测量水听器的声压灵敏度来完成的，声学计量检定系统中对低频水声声压灵敏度的校准有多种方法，应用振动液柱法校准低频水听器的声压灵敏度是常用方法之一。伴随着新型器件、新材料和数据采集器的应用，笔者根据振动液柱法的数学模型，初步设计了一套测试系统。本文给出测试系统实现原理和系统框图，并对其不确定度进行了分析评定，同时给出测试系统能达到的技术指标。
关键词：振动液柱法；低频水听器；声压灵敏度；数据采集器；不确定度评定
中图分类号：TB52+2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0032-03
Testing system
design for low frequency underwater acoustics pressure
calibration
LIU Jin-chang， WANG Shuang-ji， YU
Hong-tao
（96 Branch，Navy 91388 Unit of PLA，Zhanjiang
524022，China）
Abstract: The underwater acoustics pressure
is the most widely used parameter in the acoustical
measurement, and the acoustics pressure is determined through
measuring the acoustics pressure sensitivity of hydrophone.
There are many methods to calibrate low frequency underwater
acoustics pressure in the metrological verification system for
acoustics. One of those popular methods calibrating the
acoustics pressure sensitivity of low frequency hydrophone is
vibration fluid column method. Along with those applications
of new devices, new materials and data acquisition, a
preliminary testing system was designed according to the
mathematical model of vibration fluid column method. The
implementation principle and diagram of this testing system
were described, its uncertainty was evaluated, and its
available technical indictors were introduced too.
Key
words: Vibration fluid column method; Low frequency
hydrophone; Acoustics pressure sensitivity; Data acquisition;
Uncertainty evaluation
10.毫瓦级超声功率传递标准的研制
张学波， 徐 静， 何 山，
周丹华
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：针对各类毫瓦级超声功率计的量值溯源问题，选用压电陶瓷材料，根据其压电效应原理，设计为厚度伸缩振动模式，采用能陷技术及真空镀膜等技术工艺，制作了一系列1
MHz、3 MHz、5
MHz的园片形单元超声换能器，并研制与之配套的阻抗匹配器，与功率信号源等，组成一套毫瓦级超声功率传递标准。该套标准经济实用、性能可靠稳定，重复性好，有效地解决了毫瓦级超声功率计的量值溯源问题。
关键词：压电陶瓷；超声换能器；传递标准；超声功率；溯源
中图分类号：TB973
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0035-03
Preparation of
milliwatt ultrasonic power transfer standard
ZHANG Xue-bo，
XU Jing， HE Shan， ZHOU Dan-hua
（National Institute of
Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu
610061，China）
Abstract: Thickness extension oscillation
mode was designed according to the piezoelectricity principle
of the selected piezoelectric ceramic materials, a series of
1MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz circular ultrasonic transducer units were
prepared with those technologies such as trapped energy,
vacuum coating, etc., and their corresponding impedance
matching system, power intelligent signal, etc. were developed
too. All the above formed a milliwatt ultrasonic power
transfer standard to solve the measurement traceability
problem of milliwatt ultrasonic power meters. This standard is
economical and practical, its performance is reliable and
stable, and it has excellent repeatability. Thus it can solve
the measurement traceability problem of milliwatt ultrasonic
power meters effectively.
Key words: Piezoelectric
ceramics；Ultrasonic transducer；Transfer standard; Ultrasonic
power; Traceability
11.模拟油井校准系统原理及应用
崔春生， 马铁华， 裴东兴，
沈大伟
（中北大学电子工程系，山西 太原 030051）
摘
要：为保证存储式油井测压器在高温高压高冲击的实际环境中测试的精度，根据新概念动态测试理论，研制模拟油井校准系统。该系统能模拟石油井下高温高压的测试环境，并在该环境下对测压器进行动态校准，从而避免了实验环境与校准环境不同引起的精度差异。模拟油井校准系统可提供静压力为0MPa～50MPa（表压）；承受的脉冲压力峰值为0MPa～150MPa（表压）；工作温度为25℃～200℃。
关键词：动态校准系统；测试理论；油井测试；压力测量；试验环境
中图分类号：TE135，TP206+.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0038-04
Principles of
simulative oil well calibration system and its application in
dynamic calibration
CUI Chun-sheng， MA Tie-hua， PEI
Dong-xing， SHEN Da-wei
（Department of Electronic
Engineering，North University of China Technolege，Taiyuan
030051，China）
Abstract: To guarantee high precision for
storage downhole pressure-testing instrument in high
temperature, high pressure and high impact, according to
new-type dynamic measurement and test theory, simulative oil
well calibration system is developed. The environment of high
temperature, high pressure can be obtained in this system.
Downhole pressure-testing instrument can be calibrated in the
environment simulated by it, preventing the decline of the
precision brought by the difference between the environment
used and calibrated. The simulative oil well calibration
system can afford statistic pressure 0MPa～50MPa(gage
pressure), can sustain shock pressure up to 150MPa(gage
pressure) ;with working temperature 25℃～200℃.
Key words:
Dynamic calibration system； Measurement and test theory； Oil
well testing； Pressure measurement； Test
environment
12.基于坐标测量机的铁路轮对参数的测量方案
李德维， 朱 萍， 戚小萍， 张
丽
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：设计了一种基于三坐标测量机的轮对几何参数自动测量装置，对其主要结构和工作原理作了详细分析，并给出来轮对几何参数的计算式。该测量装置结合了三坐标测量机测量精度高和自动测头智能化程度高的特点，可实现工件的自动、批量化检测，它对于解决目前轮对测量手段落后、测量误差大、劳动强度高等问题具有一定的实际意义。
关键词：三坐标测量机；轮对几何参数；测量装置；自动检测
中图分类号：U270.7
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0042-03
Design of
measuring device based on the coordinate measuring
machine
for wheelset geometrical parameters
LI De-wei， ZHU Ping， QI
Xiao-ping， ZHANG Li
（National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract: This
paper introduced measuring device for geometrical parameters
based on coordinate measuring machine（CMM）. Main structure and
operating principle were analyzed in detail. Besides, the
calculation expression of wheelset geometrical parameters was
established. Applying the CMM that has high precision and
automatic measuring head that has 2qhigh intellect, the
measuring device can complete the automatic and batch
measurement. It has a certain practical meaning for settling
the problem of outdated measuring means, large measuring error
and heavy labor intensity.
Key words: Coordinate measuring
machine（CMM）； Wheelset geometrical parameters； Measuring
device； Automatic detection
13.分光光度计波长误差的产生和控制方法
袁
礼
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：通过对影响分光光度计测量准确性的因素进行分析，认为波长准确度是其中的主要因素。对检定用波长标准进行特性研究，确定各种标准器的用途；对波长误差的构成原理进行分析，确定波长误差的调整方法；综合对检定波长产生误差的相关方面进行论述，全面提出了控制波长误差的具体方法，为控制影响分光光度计测量准确度的波长误差提出了一套解决方案。
关键词：分光光度计；波长标准器；波长误差；调整；控制
中图分类号：TH744.12+1，TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0045-03
Generation of
spectrophotometer wavelength errors and their controlling
methods
YUAN Li
（National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China)
Abstract: With
regarding to those factors affecting the measurement accuracy
of spectrophotometer, the accuracy of wavelength was the most
important one. The features of wavelength standard devices
used for verification were investigated in order to make their
corresponding applications clear. And the principle of
wavelength error generation was investigated in order to make
the corresponding adjustment methods clear. According to the
above and other aspects relating to verification errors for
wavelength, detail methods to control wavelength errors were
proposed. Thus, the solution for controlling the wavelength
error which affected the measurement accuracy of
spectrophotometer was suggestd too.
Key words:
Spectrophotometer; Wavelength standard device; Wavelength
error; Adjustment; Control
14.新型便携式汽车动态参数检测系统
潘叶辉1，
袁中凡1， 杨春生1，2， 江 东2
（1.四川大学制造科学与工程学院，四川 成都
610065；2.中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：介绍基于三星ARM9处理器S3C2410和ATMEL公司的AT89C5131单片机的汽车动态参数检测系统，该系统能够完成汽车在运动状态下的各种运动参数的检测。充分利用了S3C2410处理器提供的丰富的功能接口和强大的处理数据的能力以及AT89C5131单片机提供的USB功能接口。使运动参数传感器模块经模数转换器AD7656与单片机AT89C5131相连，然后通过USB接口连接到S3C2410处理器平台，共同构成即插即用型的便携式检测系统，从而给出了一个完整的汽车动态参数检测系统的实现方案。
关键词：ARM9处理器
；AT89C5131单片机；AD7656转换器；USB接口；汽车动态参数检测
中图分类号：U467.5+2，TN407
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0048-04
Advanced
portable and dynamic parameter test system for vehicles
PAN
Ye-hui1， YUAN Zhong-fan1， YANG Chun-sheng1，2， JIANG
Dong2
（1.School of Manufacturing Science and
Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China；
2.National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610021，China）
Abstract: A
dynamic parameter test system for vehicles which is based on
ARM9 processor S3C2410 produced by Samsung and single chip
microcomputer AT89C5131 produced by ATMEL Corp was introduced.
The test system could realize the testing of various motion
parameters when the vehicle was moving. This system utilized
function interfaces and data-processing capability provided by
S3C2410 processor, as well as USB function interface offered
by single chip microcomputer AT89C5131. The module of motion
parameter sensor was connected to single chip microcomputer
AT89C5131 through AD7656 converter and then it was connected
to processor platform S3C2410 via USB interface. They
constituted "Plug and Play" portable test system, so as to
provide a complete realization option for the dynamic
parameter test system for vehicles.
Key words: ARM9；
AT89C5131； AD7656； USB； dynamic parameter test system for
vehicles
15.不同介质对质量流量计的校准误差影响
罗 凡， 孙玉声
（中国测试技术研究院，四川
成都 610061）
摘
要：随着科里奥利质量流量计广泛地运用到CNG加气机中，其计量的准确性越来越受到关注。通过运用目前最流行的有限元（FEM）软件ANSYS对管道内流体速度场进行仿真，观察到在相同质量流量下，不同介质在测量管道内具有不同的流体行为，并定性地分析了气体介质的速度场非对称特性对质量流量计校准误差的影响，最后提出了解决方案和建议。
关键词：质量流量计；有限元；ANSYS软件；非对称速度场；校准误差
中图分类号：TH814+.6，TN930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0052-03
Effect on errors
of mass flowmeter calibrated with different medium
LUO Fan，
SUN Yu-sheng
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing
Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract: As the Coriolis
mass flowmeter has been widely used in CNG dispenser, its
metrology accuracy has become a growing concern. The fluid
velocity field in tube was simulated with the most popular
finite element (FEM) software ANSYS. And different fluid
behavior in measurement tube at the same mass flow caused by
different medium could be observed. Afterwards the
asymmetrical characteristics effects of gas medium velocity
field on the calibration errors of Coriolis mass flowmeter
were qualitatively analyzed. Finally their corresponding
solutions and comments were suggested.
Key words: Mass
flowmeter; FEM; ANSYS; Asymmetrical velocity field;
Calibration
errors
16.配电网电力参数交流采样的研究与实现
曹建平
（南京工业职业技术学院，江苏 南京
210046）
摘
要：介绍一种采用16位单片机80C196KC设计的交流数据采集终端，给出了各种交流采样参数的计算方法、硬件电路结构框图以及数据采集软件的设计原理。该交流数据采集终端经实际使用和测试表明：该方法便于电路和软件实现，具有数据计算、处理功能强，实时性好，以及多种通信方式等特点，便于配电监测系统组网实现电力系统自动控制。
关键词：配电网；自动化；交流采样；计算方法；终端
中图分类号：TM727，TP274+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0055-03
Study and
implementation of distribution data sampling
CAO
Jian-ping
（Nanjing Institute of Industrial
Technology，Nanjing 210046，China）
Abstract: This text
introduced a kind of AC data sampling terminal unit based on
80C196KC, including its calculating method of AC data. This
terminal has some peculiarities such as the ability of data
calculating and management and real-time test. With a variety
of communication modes, convenient to distribution system, it
realized the automation of the electric power system.
Key
words: Distribution； Automation； AC sampling； Calculating
method； Terminal
17.基于声卡的摩擦噪声测试分析系统
兰 波1， 陈春俊2， 王 伟1， 李
洋1
（1.中国测试技术研究院测量仪器研究所，四川 成都 610061；2.西南交通大学，四川 成都
610031）
摘
要：计算机声卡在虚拟仪器开发中拥有广大的应用前景。以LabVIEW为软件开发环境，以普通PC机的声卡代替价格昂贵的商用数据采集卡，设计实现了一个简单的摩擦噪声测试分析系统。该系统可正确采集声卡设计频率范围内信号，可以实现摩擦噪声的采集分析功能。基于声卡的数据采集与分析的廉价方案，可以推广到环境噪声分析、声压检测和实验室测量等多种领域。
关键词：虚拟仪器；声卡；LabVIEW
中图分类号：TN931.3，TP391.42
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0058-03
Measurement and
analysis system for friction-induced noise based on sound
card
LAN Bo1， CHEN Chun-jun2， WANG Wei1， LI
Yang1
（1.Instrument Division of National Institute of
Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China；
2.
South West Jiaotong University，Chengdu
610031，China）
Abstract: PC sound card has broad application
prospects in virtual instrument development. A simple
measurement and analysis system for friction-induced noise was
designed and realized with LabVIEW as software development
environment and with general PC sound card taking the place of
expensive commercial data acquisition card. This system could
acquire signals in the audio frequency rang designed for sound
card accurately, and it also could acquire and analyze
friction-induced noise. Thus, the cheap data acquisition and
analysis solution based on sound card can be extended to those
fields such as ambient noise analysis, sound pressure test and
laboratory measurement etc.
Key words: Virtual instrument;
Sound card; LabVIEW
18.电子天平原理及四角误差和线性误差的调修
刘 强1， 薛
靓2
（1.天津市计量监督检验科学研究院，天津 300192；2.中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都
610061）
摘
要：介绍了电子天平两大类型传感器的结构、部件及工作原理，针对电子天平的四角误差和线性误差，分析了产生电子天平四角误差和线性误差的原因，从实际操作角度讲述了电子天平四角误差和线性误差的测量方法和调修方法，对电子天平的使用、检测、保养、维护有很大的帮助。
关键词：传感器；原理；四角误差；线性误差；调修
中图分类号：TH715.1+16，TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0061-03
Electronic
balance principle and corner load error and linearity error
adjusting
LIU Qiang1， XUE Liang2
（1.TianJin Institute
of Metrological Supervision and Testing，Tianjin
300192，China；
2.National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract: Main
working principle of electronic balance was introduced,
including the structure，the parts and the working principle of
two types of transducer of the electronic balance. Corner load
error and the linearity error of electronic balance were
focused on. The causes of their presence were analyzed,
including how to measure, adjust and repair these errors while
using electronic balance. It would be great help of use,
detection and maintenance of electronic balances.
Key
words: Transducer; Principle; Corner load error; Linearity
error; Adjusting
19.基于小波变换的介损测量方法研究
邹艳平
（宁夏电力科技教育工程院，宁夏 银川 750011）
摘
要：高压介质损耗测量是电力系统中检测高压电气设备的常规项目，对于高压电气设备的正常运行至关重要。依据小波分析理论、阐述了信号分解重构的过程，并且结合损耗测量中的波形特征，提出了利用小波变换来提取基波信号计算介质损耗角的检测方法，能够有效的消除谐波和噪声的影响。仿真分析表明，小波变换在介损测量中有较好的应用效果。
关键词：小波变换；分解；重构；介损测量；介质损耗角
中图分类号：TM855
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0064-02
Study of
measurement of dielectric loss based on wavelet
transform
ZOU Yan-ping
（Ningxia Institute of Electric
Scientific Technology and Education Engineering，Yinchuan
750011，China）
Abstract： The dielectric loss measurement is
a normal item to test the high voltage equipment in an
electric power system and is very important for the high
voltage equipment．This paper introduced wavelet transform
theory, discussed the processes of decomposing and composing
signal. According to signal's characteristics, a method based
wavelet transform was introduced to detect fundamental
component in the signal to calculate dielectric loss tangent,
which could reduce the effects of harmonic wave and noise. The
results indicate that wavelet transform has very good
application effect in dielectric loss measurement.
Key
words： Wavelet transform； Decomposing； Composing； Dielectric
loss measurement； Dielectric loss
tangent
20.高压蒸汽灭菌器的温度分布
于海岗
（中国测试技术研究院广州分院，广东 广州
510030）
摘
要：高压蒸汽灭菌做为目前重要的灭菌技术广泛用于各行各业，但是灭菌温场的分布鲜有报道。为了明确温场对灭菌效果的影响，参照国标的技术指标对灭菌过程的温场均匀性和温度波动性作了初步研究。以德国ebro生产的无线温度数据存储器为测温设备，在总结大量实验数据的基础上分析出影响温场的几个重要因素：装载量、残余冷汽团、温度控制器、温度探头位置，并对其影响温场的原理做了通俗易懂的阐述，且结合实际使用情况给出建议。
关键词：灭菌器；压力设备；温度测试；温场性能；温度传感器
中图分类号：O551.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0066-02
Temperature
distribution of autoclave sterilizer
YU
Hai-gang
（Guangzhou Branch of National Institute of
Measurement and Testing Technology，Guangzhou
510030，China）
Abstract: Although the autoclave with high
pressure steam has been widely used for sterilization, the
distribution of temperature has been rarely reported. In order
to find the relationship between the temperature field and the
sterilizing effect, the study of temperature uniformity and
undulation has been done based on national standards. Using
wireless temperature logger produced by ebro, German, several
important factors which influence temperature field obviously
have been found. They are loadage, low temperature air mass,
temperature controllers and location of temperature sensors.
Some suggestions also have been given.
Key words:
Autoclave; Pressure equipment; Temperature calibration;
Properties of temperature field; Temperature
sensor
21.并置VLBI台站空间归心研究
王海栋1，2， 李宗春2，
宋国大1
（1．解放军信息工程大学测绘学院，河南 郑州 450052；2．海军出版社，天津 300450）
摘
要：现今国际上VLBI、SLR和GPS站本地连接参数测定的平均精度为5mm，而国内的最近一次测量的精度仍达不到毫米级，因此通过介绍2003年底上海天文台佘山VLBI并置台站本地连接参数的测定方法，利用其测量数据，并通过圆曲线最小二乘拟合的方法，编程解算出其圆心坐标，比较分析了部分不均匀的点拟合圆曲线时的偏差，从而证明其测定俯仰轴投影坐标的方法存在的不足，并给出了改进措施。
关键词：并置VLBI台站；空间归心测量；圆曲线拟合；本地连接参数；国际地球参考框架（ITRF）
中图分类号：TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0068-04
Research on
space coordinate differences of Co-located VLBI
stations
WANG Hai-dong1，2， LI Zong-chun2 ， SONG
Guo-da1
（1.School of Surveying and Mapping，Information
Engineerig University，Zhengzhou 450052，China
2.The Navy
Press，Tianjin 300450，China）
Abstract: The mean accuracy of
the local linking parameters of VLBI, SLR and GPS stations is
5mm in the world now, but the accuracy of the last internal
surveying can't come up to a level measured in mm. The paper
introduced the measurement of the local linking parameters of
Sheshan co-located VLBI stations in Shanghai Observatory. With
the surveying data, the authors worked out the coordinate of
the circular center by programming, using the circular curve
Least Square fitting method. The paper also compared and
analyzed the errors caused by circular curve fitting using
asymmetric points, which proved the limitations of the
measurement and gave out the improving method.
Key words:
Co-location VLBI stations; Space coordinate differences
surveying; Circular curve fitting; Local linking parameters;
ITRF
22.光散射式数字粉尘测试仪的标定及其应用
王兴东
（陕西省计量科学研究院，陕西 西安
710048）
摘
要：环境粉尘浓度的测定一般使用滤膜称重方法测得，该方法费时费力，且不能得到瞬时粉尘浓度的变化。由于光散射式数字式粉尘测试仪性能稳定、灵敏度高，测量方便而广泛的应用于各类测尘应用。文中介绍了光散射式数字粉尘测试仪各项指标的具体标定方法，并结合实际应用，总结了使用过程中应注意的事项。
关键词：光散射；粉尘测试仪；标准粒子；标定；
应用
中图分类号：X830.2 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0072-03
Calibration and
application of digital light-scattering dust test
instrument
WANG Xing-dong
（Shanxi Academe of Scientific
Measurement，Xi’an 710048，China）
Abstract： Weighing
filtration membrane is often used to get the dust
concentration of environment. However, this method is
discommodious and can not get the instantaneous transformation
of dust concentration. Since the digital light scattering dust
test instrument is quite steady, sensitive and convenient in
measurement, it can be used in many kinds of dust testing
applications. This paper introduced the calibration of digital
light scattering dust test instrument and mentioned some key
points in measurement process.
Key words： Light scattering；
Dust testing instrument； Standard particle； Calibration；
Application
23.机器视觉自动监控仪表交变压力试验
刘浩峰， 李雁灵， 汪 帅，
郝罗亮
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：设计了一个基于实验室虚拟仪器集成环境软件的仪表交变压力监视系统。通过使用机器视觉自动监控试验中的仪表状态，使检定人员免于长时间守在被测仪表旁边，从而减小了在压力仪形式试验中检定人员的工作强度。该系统同时可以根据机器视觉系统得到的数据测得仪表的交变次数，使测试数据更加可靠。
关键词：机器视觉；LabVIEW软件；交变实验
中图分类号：TH879，TH868+.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0075-02
Design
auto-monitoring system for gauge alternative pressure test
based
on machine vision technology
LIU Hao-feng， LI
Yan-ling， WANG Shuai， HAO Luo-liang
（National Institute of
Measurement and Testing Technology，Chengdu
610061，China）
Abstract： Monitoring system for gauge
alternative pressure was designed with LabVIEW（Laboratory
Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench）. This system reduced
the long-time watching for verifying staffs， and reduced the
work strength for those staffs who worked in pressure gauge
type test through auto-monitoring the working of the gauge
with machine vision. Also， with the data collected by the
machine vision this system could get the alternating times of
pressure gauges， which would make the whole testing data more
reliable.
Key words： Machine vision; LabVIEW; Alternative
pressure
test
24.计量标准与计量标准器的稳定性区别
卞光清
（江苏省连云港市计量测试所，江苏 连云港
222003）
摘 要：JJF
1033-2001《计量标准考核规范》中对计量标准的稳定性考核有严格的要求。但是在实际的工作中，计量标准的稳定性和计量标准器的稳定性很容易混淆，为使我们大家能清楚地理解他们，从计量标准和计量标准器的稳定性的概念，他们考核的对象、内容、性质、方法等方面，对计量标准的稳定性和计量标准器的稳定性进行了详细的比较，结果表明计量标准的稳定性和计量标准器的稳定性是不同的，在实际使用中要严格区别对待。
关键词：计量标准；计量标准器；稳定性；区别；考核
中图分类号：TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0077-03
Stability
difference between measurement standard and standard
device
BIAN Guang-qing
（Lianyungang Institute of
Measurement and Test， Lianyungang 222003，China）
Abstract:
It was strictly required to exam the stability of measurement
standard in JJF 1033-2001 Rule for the Examination of
Measurement Standard. However, the stability of measurement
standard was often confused with that of standard device in
practice. Thus it was detail compared from concepts to
targets, contents, characters, methods for examination to make
the stability of measurement standard and that of standard
device more clear and understood. Those Results indicate that
the stability of measurement standard is different from that
of standard device, and they need differently treated
strictly.
Key words: Measurement standard; Standard
device; Stability; Difference;
Examination
25.测量不确定度应用中的若干问题
张成悌
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都
610061）
摘
要：对于检定规程所附的不确定度评定，应是其检定项目中检定方法的不确定度评定，而不应是检定对象的测量不确定度评定。文章还就扩展不确定度与被测项目技术要求间的关系作了进一步论述，以此加深对不确定度的认识、理解和应用。
关键词：不确定度；检定规程；应用
中图分类号：TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0080-03
Some questions
on application of measuring uncertainty
ZHANG
Cheng-ti
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing
Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract： This paper
pointed out evaluation of measuring uncertainty appended to
the verification regulation should be evaluation of measuring
uncertainty of verification（measuring） method of principal
verification item in it. It wasn't evaluation of measuring
uncertainty of verified object. The ratio between expanding
uncertainty and technical requirement of verified item was
discussed. It would bring deeply recognizing, understanding
and application with measuring uncertainty.
Key words:
Uncertainty； Verification regulation；
Application
26.频谱分析仪检定的测量不确定度分析
张海林
（北京航天飞行控制中心，北京
100094）
摘
要：在频谱分析仪检定过程中，对其测量结果进行不确定度分析是其中必不可少的一项工作。由于频谱分析仪检定项目多，考虑到频谱分析仪主要表征的是频率参量和幅度参量，所以选取频率读数测量和输入衰减器测量进行测量不确定度评定。并以检定HP
8563E频谱分析仪为例，分析了影响其测量不确定度的几个因素，同时针对具体的数据进行了详细的分析，能够对从事频谱分析仪检定工作的计量人员提供帮助。
关键词：频谱分析仪；检定；不确定度；频率读数；输入衰减器
中图分类号：TM935.21，TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0083-03
Measurement
uncertainty analysis on verification of spectrum
analyzer
ZHANG Hai-lin
（Beijing Aerospace Control
Centre，Beijing 100094，China）
Abstract: It is an important
job to assess the measurement uncertainty during Verification
of the spectrum analyzer. As there are many verification
items, the author assessed the measurement uncertainty of the
frequency readout and input attenuator switching during the
verification of the spectrum analyzer. To take the
verification of HP 8563E as an example, the author analyzed
some factors that influence the measurement uncertainty and
analyzed the data in detail. It can provide help for
verification of the spectrum analyzer.
Key words: Spectrum
analyzer； Verification； Uncertainty； Frequency readout； Input
attenuator switching
27.恒温槽的校准及不确定度的评定
郭沈辉， 戚晓红，
王林虎
（山东青岛市计量测试所，山东 青岛 266003）
摘
要：以具体实例分别介绍了以二等标准水银温度计和二等标准铂电阻为标准器校准标准恒温槽的方法，对两种方法进行了比较，并对不同的方法作了不确定度评定：以二等标准水银温度计为标准器在100℃时的扩展不确定度为0.08℃，以二等标准铂电阻温度计为标准器在100℃是的扩展不确定度为0.026℃。
关键词：恒温槽；不确定度；校准；二等标准水银温度计；二等铂电阻温度计
中图分类号：TB942，TM930.115
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0086-04
Measurement of
thermostatic bath and evaluation of uncertainty
GUO
Shen-hui， QI Xiao-hong， WANG Lin-hu
（Qingdao Institute of
Measurement and Testing，Qingdao 266003，China）
Abstract:
This article introduced two methods on the measurement of
thermostatic bath, standard mercury-in-glass thermometer
(Grade Ⅱ) and standard platinum resistance thermometer ( Grade
Ⅱ). At the same time, the evaluation of measurement
uncertainty was completed. The results were as follows: the
expanded uncertainty was 0.08℃ with standard mercury-in-glass
thermometer ( Grade Ⅱ), and the expanded uncertainty was
0.026℃ with standard platinum resistance thermometer ( Grade
Ⅱ).
Key words: Thermostatic bath; Uncertainty; Measurement;
Standard mercury-in-glass thermometer(Grade Ⅱ); Standard
platinum resistance thermometer (Grade
Ⅱ)
28.VXI总线控制的机载电子设备检测系统设计
魏俊淦， 张 然， 赵
波
（海军航空工程学院青岛分院，山东 青岛 266041）
摘
要：基于VXI总线技术设计的机载电子设备自动测试系统的功能和工作原理，给出了测试系统的硬件构成和软件设计方法，并分析设计了所采用信号采集、多分辨定时器和检测报告的自动生成等关键技术，采用LabWindows/CVI7.0作为软件开发平台，具有良好的人机交互界面。经过使用证明，测试仪具有易于操作、测试灵活、检测效率高等优点，有很高的经济效益。
关键词：VXI总线；机载电子设备；测试系统；硬件构成；软件设计
中图分类号：TP206+.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0090-03
Design of test
system based on VXI-bus control technology for airborne
electronic equipment
WEI Jun-gan， ZHANG Ran， ZHAO
Bo
（Qingdao Branch of Naval Aeronautical Engineering
Academy，Qingdao 266041，China）
Abstract: Function and
principle of automatic test system based on VXI bus control
technology for airborne electronic equipment were introduced.
Hardware constitution plus software design of this system were
described too. And some key points such as signal collecting,
multi-resolution timer, automatic generation of test report
etc. were detail analyzed. Using LabWindows/CVI 7.0 as the
software development platform, friendly man-computer interface
was built. Those application tests prove that this system is
flexible, easy to operate and high in test efficiency. If this
system is widely used, it would bring huge economic benefits.
Key words: VXI-bus; Airborne electronic equipment; Test
system; Hardware constitution; Software
design
29.抽象解释技术在嵌入式软件测试中的应用
常 硕1， 赵 彬2，
辛文逵2
（1.空军航空大学航空电子工程系，吉林 长春 130022；2.北京航空工程技术研究中心，北京
100076）
摘
要：随着人们对软件地位的重视程度提高，软件测试也成为软件工程中必不可少的一部分[1]，软件测试技术的发展也日新月异，抽象解释技术的出现无疑是一个大的变革。从剖析运行错误和抽象解释的概念入手，先后讨论了抽象解释技术在嵌入式软件测试中的工作原理和应用案例情况，最后阐述了基于抽象解释技术的测试方案的好处。
关键词：运行错误；抽象解释；嵌入式软件；工作原理；软件测试技术
中图分类号：TP311.11
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0093-03
Application of
the abstract interpretation in the embedded
software-testing
CHANG Suo1， ZHAO Bin2， XIN
Wen-kui2
（1.Department Electronic Engineering，Air Force
Aviation College，Changchun 130022，China；
2.Beijing
Aeronautical Technology Research Center，Beijing
100076，China）
Abstract： With the cognition of the software
improved, the software testing is turning into the crucial
part. As the testing technology changes with each passing day,
the appearance of the Abstract Interpretation is a big change.
The paper firstly explained the concepts of the Abstract
Interpretation and running errors, then discussed the working
principle and the application of the Abstract Interpretation
in the embedded system. In the end the benefit of applying the
Abstract Interpretation was summarized.
Key words: Run
errors； Abstract interpretation; Embedded software; Working
principle; Software testing
technology
30.一种自动测试系统软件的开放式架构设计与实现
陈 渝， 秦开宇
（电子科技大学，
四川 成都 610054）
摘
要：为满足综合测试系统灵活配置和扩展要求，推出了自动测试系统软件的开放式架构设计。该架构设计结合虚拟仪器思想和面向对象技术，达到了系统灵活配置、可扩展、可复用的目的。提出了一种系统软件的通用设计方法，普遍适用于同类系统的搭建。重点介绍了关键类的设计、系统柔性的实现以及基于VC的关键功能实现。该设计体现了在需求发生变动时系统的柔性，其正确性在实践中得到了验证。
关键词：自动测试系统；软件设计；开放式架构；VC；虚拟仪器
中图分类号：TP311.11
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0096-03
Design and
realization of an open software framework for automatic test
system
CHEN Yu， QIN Kai-yu
（University of Electronic
Science and Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: This
paper introduced how to develop an open software framework for
automatic test system. The design of framework, which
associated virtual instrument thought and object oriented
technology, makes the system flexibly configurable, extendable
and reusable. This paper proposed a universal method for
system software and its system construction. The paper focused
on not only the design of key classes and the realization of
system’s flexibility, but also the realization of key
functions based on VC. The design showed the flexibility of
the system when the requirement changed. Its correctness has
been proved in the practice.
Key words: Automatic test
system; Design of software; Open framework; VC; Virtual
instrument
31.基于改进C-V模型的超声图像分割方法
杨海洋， 刘
奇
（四川大学电气信息学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：图像分割是超声医学图像学中的难题之一。改进的Chan-Vese（C-V）法加入了约束符号距离函数的能量项，避免了演化时候的重新初始化。在改进C-V模型的基础上，首先借用分水岭中的思想，找到分割目标的近似轮廓，并以此轮廓生成符号距离函数，然后采用改进的C-V法进行超声图像分割。实验表明，改进的方法有更高的精准度和对多目标分割的能力。
关键词：超声图像分割；C-V模型；多目标分割；活动轮廓；水平集
中图分类号：TP311.11，TB553
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0099-03
Ultrasound image
segmentation method based on improved C-V model
YANG
Hai-yang， LIU Qi
（School of Electrical Information，Sichuan
University，Chengdu 610065，China）
Abstract: Image
segmentation is a problem of chocardiographic images. In the
improved Chan-Vese model, the reconciled signed distance
function was added, so there is no need to reinitialize during
the evolution. Based on the improved C-V model, the
approximate contour of targets which gives birth to signed
distance function is found firstly, and then the improved C-V
method is used to segment the image. Experimental results show
that the improved method is more accurate and capable of
segmenting multi-targets.
Key words: Ultrasound image
segmentation; C-V model; Segmentation of multi-targets; Active
contour; Level set
32.DSP控制直流电动机的嵌入式软件设计
宋 楠， 陈光礻禹 ，
谢永乐
（电子科技大学自动化工程学院，四川 成都 610054）
摘
要：自DSP出现以来，电机控制就是DSP主要应用领域之一。特别是随着控制理论的发展和高性能控制的需求，一般的单片或多片微处理器不能满足复杂而先进的控制算法时，更使得DSP成为这种应用场合的首选器件。随着计算机进入控制领域，以及新型的电力电子功率元器件的不断出现，使采用全控制的开关功率元件进行脉宽调制（Pulse
Width
Modulation，简称PWM）控制方式已经成为绝对主流。这种控制方式已作为直流电动机数字控制的基础。
关键词：直流电动机；嵌入式系统软件；DSP；脉宽调制；比例积分调节
中图分类号：TP368.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0102-04
Design of
embedded software controlling DC motor using DSP
SONG Nan，
CHEN Guang-ju， XIE Yong-le
（School of Automation
Engineering，University of Electronic Science and
Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract： Since DSP is
available, motor control is the main application of DSP.
Especially with developing of control theory and high
performance control, common single chip or multiple chip
microprocessor can no longer meet the need of complex and
advanced control algorithm. Thus DSP has become the principal
device for these applications. With computer's using in
controlling, and the coming up of new electronic power
devices, PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) control manner by using
switch power devices has gained its domination. This control
manner has already become the foundation of DC motor digital
controlling.
Key words： DC motor; Embedded software; DSP;
PWM; PID
33.基于ATmega16单片机的步进电机加减速控制
刘 丽， 韩震宇， 李 龙，
李虹霖
（四川大学机械电子工程系，四川 成都 610065）
摘
要：步进电机是一种易于精确控制的电机。本系统中步进电机用于绕线机排线机构的驱动，要求步进电机应反复快速启动和停止并且定位准确，因此选用指数加减速方式。采用爱梅尔公司的单片机ATmega16控制步进电机，步进电机的速度大小与ATmega16产生的PWM波的频率成线性正比关系。由单片机计算加减速阶段的频率值比较复杂，而且所需周期较长，因此将频率值储存在数组或表中。各阶段频率值利用倒推法根据指数函数得到。系统软件部分采用C语言编程实现。
关键词：步进电机；ATmega16；加减速；PWM
中图分类号：TP391.9
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0106-03
Controll of step
motor speed-up and speed-down with ATmega16
LIU Li， HAN
Zhen-yu， LI Long， LI Hong-lin
（Department of Mechanical and
Electronic Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu
610065，China）
Abstract: Step motor is a kind of motor that
can be controlled accurately. The Speed-up and Speed-down
curve of the step motor was exponential and step motor was
used to drive the bus mechanism of winder ,which needed the
step motor speed up and speed down fast. To control the step
motor with the ATmega16, which generated PWM, its frequency
was proportional with the speed of the step motor. It would
cost a long time and would be complex, if letting the ATmega16
to calculate the frequency in every interrupt service routine
in the period of Speed-up and Speed-down. So it was better to
save the frequency values in an array or table in order to get
the frequency values by the exponential function. Design of
program with C language was also introduced.
Key words:
Step Motor; ATmega16; Speed-up Speed-down;
PWM
34.基于LoG算子边缘检测的图像二值化处理
田自君， 刘 艺
（电子科技大学物理电子学院，四川
成都 610054）
摘
要：数码管图像的目标和背景分离不明显，直方图分布较复杂。针对该问题，提出基于拉普拉斯高斯（Laplacian of
Gaussian，LoG）算子边缘检测的全局二值化方法对其进行处理，该方法通过提取图像边缘部份的像素灰度获得图像二值化的阈值。处理结果表明，与传统的几种方法相比，该方法能够快速选取良好的二值化阈值，较好地区分目标和背景，在相当大模板宽度内图像二值化的结果都令人满意。
关键词：二值化；LoG算子；边缘检测
中图分类号：TP391.41
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0109-02
Global threshold
binarization method based on LoG algorithms edge
detecting
TIAN Zi-jun， LIU Yi
（School of Physical
Electronics，University of Electronic Science and
Technology，Chengdu 610054，China）
Abstract: As the object
and background of numeral characters digital image are not
quite separated, this paper proposed a new global threshold
binarization methods based on LoG (Laplacian of Gaussian).
This method gets binarization threshold by averaging the gray
scale of edge pixels. Experiments show that this method can
get the best binarization threshold and distinguish the object
and the background perfectly. Perfect binarization image is
got at wide range of template width.
Key words:
Binarization； LoG algorithms； Edge
detecting
35.某型通用测试台设备驱动程序研究
张 婵1， 蔡 军2
（1.二炮装备研究院，北京 100085；2.空军驻陕飞军代表室，陕西 汉中 723213）
摘
要：某型机载制导武器通用测试台采用面向信号系统PAWS进行软件开发，在PAWS中，测试设备驱动程序是通用测试台能否完成测试任务的关键。首先，对通用测试台的测试设备进行了准确的资源描述，在此基础上，深入阐述了采用C语言开发设备驱动程序的关键技术，并完成了整个通用测试台设备驱动程序的开发。实践表明，通用测试台解决了现有机载制导武器检测设备存在的通用性差、性能落后等缺点。
关键词：PAWS；ATLAS；设备驱动程序；C语言；通用测试台；测试资源描述
中图分类号：TP319
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0111-03
Research on
device driver program of general proposal automatic test
station
ZHANC Chan1， CAI Jun2
（1.Ordnance Research
Institute of the 2nd Artillery，Beijing 100085，China；
2.PLA
Deputation in Shanxi Aircraft Industry Co.LTD，Hanzhong
723213，China）
Abstract: The software for certain GPATS (The
General Proposal Automatic Test Station) of air-launched
guided weapon was developed in the PAWS software development
platform and it was important to develop driver for the
Automatic Test Equipment (ATE). First, the test resource of
the GPATS was described, then the method used to develop the
driver in C language was introduced.And all drivers were
developed. Experiments show GPATS can replace the old mode
test equipment to improve performance.
Key words： PAWS;
ATLAS; Device driver; C; GPATS; Test resource
description
36.室内空气污染治理材料与技术
方 正1， 余海洋1， 孙登蜂1， 潘 义1， 董
俊2
（1.中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061；2.成都地质矿产研究所，四川 成都 610082）
摘
要：室内空气污染对人类健康的影响受到社会各界普遍关注，室内空气污染治理材料已成为新的研发热点。简要介绍了我国室内空气污染现状及主要污染物质的危害，并详细阐述了各种主要室内空气污染治理技术和材料的作用原理和用途。以期提高人们的室内环境保护意识、帮助人们正确选择室内环境治理材料。
关键词：室内空气；污染；危害；治理材料
中图分类号：X831
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0114-04
Brief
introduction of indoor air pollution control and its treatment
materials
FANG Zheng1， YU Hai-yang1， SUN Deng-feng1， PAN
Yi1， DONG Jun2
（1.National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China；
2.Chengdu
Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources，Chengdu
610082，China）
Abstract: It was widely concerned by
different sectors of the community that hazardous pollution in
indoor air was harmful to human health, and those treatment
materials for indoor air pollutants were become a new R&D
focus. Herein the situation of indoor air pollution in our
country and the harmfulness of main pollutants were brief
introduced. And principles plus applications of popular indoor
air treatment techniques as well as their materials were
detail described. Through the above, it was expected to raise
awareness of indoor environmental protection and help people
choose indoor environmental treatment materials correctly
according to their specific circumstances.
Key words:
Indoor air; Pollution; Harmfulness; Treatment
materials
37.室内空气中总挥发性有机物（TVOC）分析方法的研究
傅彦斌
（福建省环境监测中心站，福建
福州 350003）
摘
要：针对室内挥发性有机物测定方法的不完善，提出了利用热脱附-气相色谱质谱联用测定空气中挥发性有机物的测试方法，测定空气中挥发性有机物的线性范围为0
ng～800 ng，最低检出限可达0.05 μg /m3 （采样体积10
L计），相对标准偏差4%～10%。该方法灵敏度高、操作简便、重现性好、准确可靠，适合室内空气中挥发性有机物的测定。
关键词：总挥发性有机物；热脱附；色质联用仪
中图分类号：X830.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0118-03
Determination of
indoor air TVOC
FU Yan-bin
（Fujian Environmental
Monitoring Center，Fuzhou 350003，China）
Abstract: Against
the disadvantages of those existing methods for indoor air
total volatile organic compounds （TVOC） determination, a new
method using thermal desorption GC-MS to determine indoor air
TVOC was suggested. The linear range of this method is
0ng~800ng, its LOD is 0.05μg/m3（when the sampling volume is
10L）, and its RSD is 4%~10%. The results showed that this
method was more sensitive, easy to operate, and its
repeatability was much better and its measurement results was
more accurate and reliable. Thus, it is suitable for indoor
air TVOC determination.
Key words: TVOC； Thermal
desorption； GC-MS
38.室内空气中总挥发性有机化合物标准方法探讨
张 毅， 潘 义， 孙登峰，
方 正， 余海洋
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：室内空气中总挥发性有机化合物（TVOC）已成为衡量室内空气质量的一个重要指标，其对人体健康的各种危害已引起世界各国的广泛注意，并制定了许多相应的标准检测方法和限值指标。本文综合了目前分析室内TVOC的标准方法，从TVOC的定义、计算方法和检测方法进行了讨论，针对实际情况，为更好地检测室内空气中TVOC浓度，提高室内空气质量建议了相应的解决办法。
关键词：室内空气；TVOC；标准方法
中图分类号：X830.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0121-05
Standard methods
for indoor air TVOC
ZHANG Yi， PAN Yi， SUN Deng-feng， FANG
Zheng， YU Hai-yang
（National Institute of Measurement and
Testing Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract: Indoor
air TVOC （Total Volatile Organic Compounds） is an important
indicator of indoor air quality （IAQ）. Its harm to people's
healthy has been widely focused on, and its corresponding
standard determination methods plus limits have been suggested
by almost all governments around the world. Those standard
methods for the indoor air TVOC determination were reviewed.
Definitions, calculations and determination methods for TVOC
were investigated in detail. In order to determine indoor air
TVOC better and improve the quality of indoor air, some
corresponding solutions were proposed against those problems
encountered in practice.
Key words: Indoor air; TVOC;
Standard method
39.无损检测在特殊工业建设工程质量监督中的应用
陆
军
（江苏省化工建设工程质量监督站，江苏 常州 213022）
摘
要：化工、电力、煤炭、冶金等特殊工业建设工程科技含量高，技术风险大，工程质量问题具有隐蔽性，涉及公共利益和公众安全。特殊工业建设工程质量监督是根据国家的法律、法规和相关工业工程建设强制性标准，对责任主体和有关机构履行质量责任的行为以及工程实体质量进行监督检查，维护公众利益的行政执法行为，必须体现出一定的科学性。无损检测作为建设工程质量监督机构抽查工程实体质量并据以评价工程质量的重要技术手段，在工程质量监督、工程质量评价以及工程质量鉴定中发挥了重要的作用。
关键词：无损检测；特殊工业建设工程；工程质量；监督管理；技术应用
中图分类号：TH878
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0126-04
Application of
nondestructive testing technique in construction engineering
quality
supervision of special industry
LU
Jun
（Jiangsu Construction Quality Supervision Station of
Chemical Industry，Changzhou 213022，China）
Abstract： The
construction projects of special industries such as chemical
industry, electricity, coal, metallurgy, etc. are of
high-technology, high risk, and disguise for project quality.
Their qualities also affect the public interest and security.
The construction project quality supervision of special
industry includes quality responsibility implement supervision
for its main body and related organizations, and quality
supervision for the project itself according to national laws,
regulations and the related compulsory standards for
industrial engineering constructions. The supervision is also
an administrative law enforcement to maintain the public
interest, and it must manifest some scientific nature. The
nondestructive testing as an important technology to
spot-check and evaluate the quality of the project for the
organization of construction quality supervision would play
important roles during the supervision, evaluation and
appraisal of project quality.
Key words： Nondestructive
testing； Special industrial construction； Construction
quality； Quality supervision and management； Technology
application
40.石油钻井指重表检定装置的研制
陈世超， 田小泉，
朱可加
（中国测试技术研究院，四川 成都 610061）
摘
要：石油钻井指重表是石油钻井专用的检测仪器，近年来国内同行一直在寻找和摸索一种准确有效的检测方法。本文针对石油钻井指重表检定的特殊情况和要求，从检测方法、检测手段入手，研制了一套使用方便、有效的石油钻井指重表检定装置，对国内石油行业指重表检测方法的研究具有重要的促进作用。
关键词：石油钻井指重表；标准装置；不确定度；自由度
中图分类号：TE254+.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0130-03
Preparation of
verification device for petroleum drilling weight
indicators
CHEN Shi-chao， TIAN Xiao-quan， ZHU
Ke-jia
（National Institute of Measurement and Testing
Technology，Chengdu 610061，China）
Abstract: The petroleum
drilling weight indicator is a special detecting instrument
for petroleum drilling, and many domestic counterparts have
been seeking and trying to find out an accurate and effective
verification method in those years. According to those
particularities and requirements for verifying petroleum
drilling weight indicators, a convenient and effective
verification device for petroleum drilling weight indicator
was prepared with regarding to their detecting methods and
ways. It should play important roles to improve the research
of verification method for petroleum drilling weight
indicators.
Key words: Petroleum drilling weight
indicator; Standard device; Uncertainty; Degree of
freedom
41.基于PXI总线的机载火控系统综合测试仪
韩兆福， 杨建新， 金石娇，
王虹昙
（海军航空工程学院青岛分院，山东 青岛 266041）
摘
要：为解决机载火控在维护保障上存在检测仪器功能单一、通用性差、检测效率低、可靠性不高等问题，采用计算机控制技术、虚拟仪器技术、人工智能技术及PXI总线技术研制了机载火控系统综合测试仪。该测试仪有效克服了机载火控系统故障测试中传统的数据采集、分析、处理及故障定位方面的不足，结果表明，采用上述技术是机载火控系统故障诊断的一种有效的方法。
关键词：PXI总线；机载火控系统；测试仪
中图分类号：TP336
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0133-04
Design of the
synthesize testing instrument used in
aeronautic
fire-control system based on PXI bus
HAN
Zhao-fu， YANG Jian-xin， JIN Shi-jiao，WANG Hong-tan
（Qingdao
Branch，Naval Aeronautical Engineering University，Qingdao
266041，China）
Abstract: According to aeronautic
fire-control system have some troubles like singleness
function, poor currency, low examine efficiency, etc.,
aeronautic fire-control system synthesize testing instrument
was designed based on technology of computer control ,dummy
apparatus, artificial intelligence and PXI bus. This testing
instrument could overcome the troubles of data collection,
analysis, disposition, and failure orientation. The result
shows that adopting these techniques was an effective
method.
Key words: PXI bus； Aeronautic fire-control system；
Testing instrument
42.一种高精度低漂移电子积分器的设计
李向阳， 周 璟， 董
威
（西安工业大学光电工程学院，陕西 西安 710032）
摘
要：讨论了由运算放大器构成的理想电子积分器的工作原理，分析了积分漂移、积分时间常数等主要因素对积分输出误差的影响及改善措施。设计了一种测量灵敏度高达10-9
C新型电子积分器，并将该电子积分器应用于10-7 C～10-8
C电量微磁通信号测量系统，通过实际测量数据证明，该积分器可实现对瞬变小信号进行高精度的测量。测量精度达到满量程小于1.5%，分辨率为0.5%，而且该设计方案结构简单、灵敏度和精度高、经济性好，有很好的推广使用价值。
关键词：运算放大器；电子积分器；积分漂移；积分时间常数；积分补偿；磁通量
中图分类号：TH878
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-4984（2007）06-0137-04
Design of high
precision and low drift electronic integrator
LI
Xiang-yang， ZHOU Jing， DONG Wei
（College of Photoelectrical
Engineering, Xi’an Technological University，Xi’an
710032，China）
Abstract： This paper discussed working
principle of the ideal electronic integrator which was
constituted of operational amplifier. Integral drift parameter
and integral time constant as main factors influencing the
accuracy of integral output were analyzed. Measuring
sensitivity in the new kind of electronic integrator can be as
high as 10-9 C, and the electronic integrator was applied in
10-7 C～10-8 C micro-power signal magnetic flux measurement
system. High-precision measurement to small and transient
signal could be realized using this integrator through actual
measurement data. Measurement accuracy could reach the range
of less than 1.5%, resolution to 0.5%. This design has simple
structure, high precision, a good economy, and good value for
promotion.
Key words: Operational amplifier； Electronic
integrator； Integral drifting； Integral time constant；
Integral compens-aion； Magnetic flux
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